States of Matter
This state of matter has a definite shape and a definite volume.
What is solid?
An object that is less dense than water will do this.
What is float?
In this type of mixture, you can see the different parts.
What is a heterogeneous mixture?
Matter made of only one type of particle is called this.
What is a pure substance?
An aqueous solution always contains this substance as its solvent.
What is water?
This state of matter has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container.
What is liquid?
An object that is more dense than water will do this.
An object that is more dense than water will do this.
Salt water looks the same throughout, making it this type of mixture.
What is a homogeneous mixture?
A student examines three samples of distilled water. Each sample contains the same type of particle and has the same properties. How should the water be classified?
It is a pure substance because every sample has the same composition and properties.
Two students make sugar-water solutions. Mia adds one spoonful of sugar to 100 mL of water. Jay adds three spoonfuls to 100 mL of water. Which solution is more concentrated?
Jay’s solution is more concentrated because it contains more sugar in the same amount of water.
The particles in this state of matter spread out to fill their entire container.
What is gas?
A marble sinks in water but floats in corn syrup. What does this tell you about the marble’s relative density?
The marble is denser than water but less dense than corn syrup.
A student mixes sand and water. After several minutes, the sand settles at the bottom. Is this mixture homogeneous or heterogeneous? Explain.
It is heterogeneous because the substances are not evenly mixed and the sand can be seen separately from the water.
A student tries to separate salt into different substances using a filter. Explain why this will not work.
using a filter. Explain why this will not work.What is salt is a compound and cannot be separated by physical means?
A student adds a spoonful of powdered drink mix to water and stirs until it dissolves. Identify the solute and the solvent.
The powdered drink mix is the solute, and the water is the solvent.
A student pours 50 mL of water from a graduated cylinder into a wide container. The water looks shorter and wider in the new container. What happened to its volume and shape?
The volume stayed the same, but the shape changed to match the new container.
A piece of wood floats with half of it above the water. What can you conclude about the wood’s density compared with the water?
The wood is less dense than the water.
A student has a mixture of iron filings and sand. What tool should the student use to separate the mixture, and why will it work?
The student should use a magnet because the magnet will attract the iron filings but not the sand.
A student compares distilled water and lemonade. Distilled water has the same composition throughout and contains only water particles. Lemonade contains water, sugar, and lemon juice. Which sample is a pure substance, and how do you know?
Distilled water is a pure substance because it contains only one substance. Lemonade is a mixture because it contains several substances.
Two students add identical sugar cubes to equal amounts of water at the same temperature. One student stirs continuously, while the other student does not stir. Identify the variable being tested and predict the result.
The variable being tested is agitation. The sugar cube in the stirred water will dissolve faster.
A sealed balloon is placed in a warm area and becomes larger. No additional air was added. What happened to the gas particles inside the balloon?
The gas particles gained thermal energy, moved faster, and spread farther apart, causing the balloon to expand.
Two cubes are the same size. Cube A has a mass of 15 grams, and Cube B has a mass of 25 grams. Which cube has the greater density? Explain how you know.
Cube B has the greater density because it has more mass packed into the same volume.
A mixture contains sand, salt, and water. Name two methods that could be used to separate its components.
What are filtration and evaporation?
A student says, “Water cannot be a pure substance because it contains hydrogen and oxygen.” Is the student correct?
No. Water can be a pure substance because its hydrogen and oxygen atoms are chemically bonded in a fixed ratio.
Three saltwater solutions are prepared:
Which solution is the most concentrated?
Solution B because it has the greatest amount of salt compared with the amount of water.