Properties of Matter
What is solubility?
A substance's ability to dissolve in another substance.
Define a pure substance and give an example.
A pure substance consists of only one type of particle; example: water (H₂O).
What happens to the motion of particles in a solid when heat is added?
The particles vibrate faster and may eventually break free, causing a phase change.
Describe a method to separate a mixture.
Filtration can separate solid particles from liquids. Magnetism, boiling, etc.
The process of changing from a solid to a liquid is.
melting
What is conductivity?
the ability to conduct electricity
Define a mixture and give an example.
A mixture contains two or more different substances physically combined; example: salad.
Describe what occurs to gas particles when heat is removed.
The particles slow down and come closer together, potentially transitioning to a liquid state.
Explain the process of evaporation in the separation of mixtures.
Heating a solution causes the liquid to turn into vapor, leaving solid residues behind.
The process of changing from a liquid to a gas is called this.
boiling
Explain why cutting a block of aluminum in half does not change it density.
Density is a ratio of mass to volume, which remains constant regardless of the shape.
Sort the following into pure substances and mixtures: Salt, Salad, Gold, Saltwater, Air, Sand + Iron filings.
Pure substances: Gold, Salt; Mixtures: Salad, Saltwater, Air, Sand + Iron filings.
Explain why the temperature remains the same as water changes state from a liquid to a gas even if more thermal energy is being added.
Energy is used to change the state rather than increase the temperature.
Discuss how particle size can affect the separation of mixtures.
Smaller particles may pass through filters, while larger ones can be trapped and separated.
When particles in a gas lose energy and form a liquid, this happens.
condensation
How does temperature affect the solubility of most solids?
Generally, solubility increases with temperature.
What evidence can you collect to prove whether a substance is a pure substance or a mixture?
Test to see whether you can separate it by physical means.
Explain what happens to the particles of ice when thermal energy is added.
The particles began to vibrate faster and move more freely eventually causing a phase change to water.
Explain the process of evaporation in the separation of mixtures.
Heating a solution causes the liquid to turn into vapor, leaving solid residues behind.
When particles in a liquid lose energy and form into a solid.
Freezing
Name and describe one method you could use in a lab to tell if a substance is pure or a mixture.
dissolving, filtering, boiling,
In a saltwater solution, what is the correct term for the salt and for water?
Water is the solvent and salt is the solute.
Describe the shape and size for all three states of matter.
Solid- definite shape and size
Liquid- definite size and not a definite shape
Gas- not a definite shape or size
If you are given a mixture of salt and sand, explain how you would separate them using their properties.
When particles in a gas lose energy rapidly and form into a solid?
Deposition