Properties of Water

James

100

What is the chemical composition of a water molecule? 

H20

200

Water has how many negative poles?

1 negative pole

300

Covalent bonds form by doing what with their electrons?

a covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the attraction between atoms that are sharing electron pairs

400

These are the types of bonds present between the polar water molecules

Hydrogen bonds

500

_________ bonds are special connections between atoms that happen when one atom gives electrons to another atom. This creates positively and negatively charged particles called _____ that are strongly attracted to each other.

1. ionic

2. ions

Polarity

100

This is a phenomenon created by a partial negative and partial positive dipole

polarity

200

Because of polarity, water likes to stick to its own molecules. This creates 

cohesion

300

Due to its polarity, water molecules often stick to other surfaces or substances. This creates 

adhesion

400

The only electrons that the atoms can share are the electrons in their __________, which is the outer shell of the atom.

Valence shell

500

The cooperation of cohesion and adhesion can lead water molecules to defy gravity and move up a surface or substance. This action is called 

capillary action

Surface tension/pH

100

The tendency of a liquid‘s surface to resist external forces, minimizing its surface area and behaving as if it were covered by a stretched elastic sheet is called?

Surface tension

200

Surface tension arises directly from _________, as the inward pull between water molecules at a liquid’s surface minimizes surface area and creates a “skin-like” effect.

Cohesion

300

What is the pH of pure water?

7 neutral

400

If water were to absorb more hydrogen ions, how will the pH change? 

It will become more acidic

500

Name at one change that can occur as a result of ocean water becoming more acidic.

• *Shell-forming organisms like corals, and shellfish struggle to form or maintain shells, and some shells may even dissolve in more acidic waters 
• 
  
• *Food web disruption: corals and shellfish are a key food source for fish, whales, and other marine animals, so their decline can affect entire ecosystems
• 
  
• *Behavioral changes: Acidic waters can impair fish behavior, such as predator detection in clownfish 

States of Matter

100

What states of matter can water exist in?

Water exists in all states of matter naturally on Earth. 

200

Water becomes ________ dense when frozen, leading to ice floating on liquid water. 

less

300

When water freezes, its solid version (ice) does what, making it less dense

Expands and forms a crystal lattice structure

400

Ice can hold heat in ocean water acting as an _____________. The water will not

be warm, but it will stay  ___________ so swimming organisms can survive.

1. Insulator

2. Liquid

500

Water has a high _________ making it absorb more energy to change the temperature 

Specific Heat Capacity

Solutions

100

You cannot go more than three days without ingesting this substance

Water

200

When substances distribute evenly in a mixture, like salt in water, that mixture is called a ____________________.

Solution

300

In a salt- water solution, salt is the 

Solute

400

As temperature increases, the solubility of solids like salts does what?

increases 

500

Because water is polar, it dissolves other substances easily. This makes water a 

Universal Solvent