Who was Muhammad (SAW)'s best friend?
Abu Bakr as Siddiq (RA)
When and why did the Muslims migrate to Yathrib (Medina)?
622 e.kr. They were getting persecuted and they needed safety.
What are 2 things mentioned in the Prophet Muhammad's last sermon (khutba)?
Many answers. He said to be aware of shaytan. He said that women have rights. He reminded them to pray, fast, give zakat, and perform Hajj. He reminded them of the day of judgement. He said that all of mankind are equal; no one is superior to another except in piety. We are all brothers and sisters.
What was one of the Prophet (SAW)'s jobs before becoming a prophet?
Shepherd or Merchant
What was the reaction of Omar bin Khattab and Abu Bakr after hearing of the Prophet’s pbuh death? How were their reactions different?
Omar bin Khattab was extremely sad and couldn't believe that the Prophet had died. He threatened to chop off the head of anyone who said that he was dead. On the other hand Abu Bakr was sad, but much calmer than Omar and told him to calm down. He reminded him and everyone else that "Whosoever believes in Muhammad, then Muhammad has passed. But whoever believes in Allah, he is everlasting." Afterwards they all accepted him death.
How long was the treaty of Hudaibia supposed to be? How long did it really last and who broke it?
The treaty was supposed to be for 10 years. It really lasted only 2 and a half years and the Quraishs' allies broke it.