Cell Growth
True or False
_____ Apoptosis is a harmful process that kills good cells.
Answer:
False: Apoptosis is a normal and helpful process that removes damaged or old cells.
The correct order of mitosis stages is
a) Metaphase → Prophase → Anaphase → Telophase
b) Prophase → Metaphase → Anaphase → Telophase
c) Anaphase → Telophase → Prophase → Metaphase
d) Prophase → Telophase → Metaphase → Cytokinesis Bonus: what is the longest and shortest phase of mitosis?
Answer: The correct order of mitosis stages is:
b) Prophase → Metaphase → Anaphase → Telophase
The longest phase of mitosis is prophase, and the shortest phase is metaphase.
Multiple Choice
Question: During metaphase, where do the chromosomes line up?
a) Randomly in the cell
b) Across the center of the cell
c) At the ends of the cell
d) Inside the nucleus
Answer:
b) Across the center of the cell
During anaphase, the anaphase:
a) Chromosomes are pulled apart to opposite sides
b) Chromosomes line up in the middle
c) DNA is copied
d) Cell grows bigger
Answer:
a) Chromosomes are pulled apart to opposite sides
Question: The word cytokinesis comes from “cyto” meaning cell and “kinesis” meaning movement or division. What does cytokinesis do?
a) Copies the DNA in the cell
b) Divides the cytoplasm and cell into two new cells
c) Pulls chromosomes apart
d) Makes the nucleus disappear
Question: The word cytokinesis comes from “cyto” meaning cell and “kinesis” meaning movement or division. What does cytokinesis do?
a) Copies the DNA in the cell
b) Divides the cytoplasm and cell into two new cells
c) Pulls chromosomes apart
d) Makes the nucleus disappear
Answer: b) Divides the cytoplasm and cell into two new cells (daughter cells)
Regulatory proteins in the cell cycle help
a) Control when the cell divides
b) Make the cell move
c) Stop the nucleus
d) Feed the cell
Answer: a.) Control when the cell divides
Regulatory proteins are like the traffic lights or crossing guards (Mrs. Jackson in the morning) of the cell cycle.
They tell the cell when to start, slow down, or stop dividing.
Question: During prophase, what happens inside the nucleus?
a) The DNA spreads out and the chromosomes disappear
b) The DNA condenses, and duplicated chromosomes become visible
c) The nucleus divides into two new nuclei
d) The chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
Correct answer: b) The DNA condenses (becomes thick), and duplicated chromosomes become visible (easy to see)
Multiple Choice
Question: What structure holds the sister chromatids together at the middle(center) of the chromosome during metaphase?
a) Centriole
b) Spindle fiber
c) Centromere
d) Nucleus
Answer: c) Centromere
What is anaphase in cell division, and when does it begin?
A) The phase when chromosomes line up in the middle; it begins at the start of mitosis
B) The phase when chromatids are pulled apart to opposite ends; it begins after metaphase
C) The phase when the cell grows bigger; it begins after cytokinesis
Answer:
B) The phase when chromatids are pulled apart to opposite ends; it begins after metaphase
Do plant cells have centrioles?
A) Yes
B) No
Answer: B) No
Cancer is a disease caused by_______________, and carcinogens that can cause damage are are________,_________, and ___________.
Answer: Uncontrolled cell growth Cancer is a disease caused by uncontrolled cell growth and carcinogens that can cause damage are tobacco, radiation, and viral infections.
What are sister chromatids?
a) Two different chromosomes in the cell
b) Two identical copies of a chromosome joined together
c) Pieces of DNA that never separate
d) Structures that help the cell move
Answer: b) Two identical copies of a chromosome joined together
Tip: They are called “sisters” because they are exact copies of each other.
1 True or False
Question: Spindle fibers attach to the centromeres to help pull chromosomes apart during metaphase.
Answer: True
When are sister chromatids considered separate chromosomes?
a) Before the cell starts dividing
b) When they are joined at the centromere
c) After they are pulled apart during anaphase
d) When they uncoil into chromatin
Answer:
After they are pulled apart during anaphase
If plant cells don’t have centrioles, how do they divide?
A) They use other parts called microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs) to help make the spindle
B) They don’t divide
C) They use their nucleus to do all the work
Use your process of elimination
Answer: A) They use other parts called microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs) to help make the spindle
True or False
Cancer cells ignore the cell cycle’s rules and keep dividing.
Answer: True
Cancer cells ignore the cell cycle’s rules and keep dividing.
External regulators are signals that
a) Come from outside the cell to tell it when to divide
b) Work only inside the nucleus
c) Stop the cell forever
d) Make the cell sleep
Answer: a) Come from outside (external) the cell to tell it when to divide
True or False:
Metaphase is the shortest phase of mitosis
Answer: True
True or False
Question: During telophase, the spindle fibers disassemble as the cell prepares to split.
Answer:
Answer: True
How well do you think you will do on this quiz; are you prepared? What can you do to ensure a good grade on the next quiz?
Answer:
All I can do is try my best. Moving forward, I can complete my study guide and review it as soon as possible.
When cells grow and make new cells in an organized way, this is called
a) Healthy cell growth
b) Uncontrolled growth
c) Cell death
d) Mutation
Answer:
a) Healthy cell growth
Growth factors are a type of external regulator that
a) Help the cell grow and divide when needed
b) Stop the cell from dividing
c) Destroy the cell
d) Make DNA disappear
Answer:
a) Help the cell grow and divide when needed
What is your current GPA in Biology? What grade do you need to make on this quiz to bring your grade up to a C?
Answer: Your current grade is an F. Therefore you should aim for an A.
Remember: Aim for the moon and you will fall amongst the stars!
Multiple Choice
Question: During telophase, what happens to the nuclear envelope?
a) It disappears completely and never returns
b) It reforms around the separated chromosomes, making the daughter nuclei visible
c) It moves to the center of the cell
d) It turns into spindle fibers
Answer:b) It reforms around the separated chromosomes, making the daughter nuclei visible
During which phase of mitosis does cytokinesis usually begin, when the cytoplasm starts dividing?
a) Prophase
b) Metaphase
c) Anaphase
d) Telophase
Answer:
d) Telophase