Protection

Infection

100

What are antiinfectives

used to prevent or treat infections caused by pathogenic organisms

200

The presence and growth of microorganisms

colonization

300

What are the sterile areas of the body

heart, liver, musculoskeletal system, bladder

400

How much can a CAUTI increase a hospital stay by

$4,694- $29,743

500

Describe the HOUDINI process

H- Haematuria

O- Obstruction

U- Urology surgery/ gyno or perineal surgery

D- Decubitus ulcer

I- I and Os

N- Nursing end of life care

I- Immobility

Terms to KNOW

100

Broad Spectrum

effective against a wide range of bacteria (both gram - & +)

200

Bacteriostatic

- inhibits growth of bacteria

300

(S)- Susceptibility

(R)- Resistant

- Abx is appropriate to prescribe 

- Abx is ineffective for microorganism

400

Empiric therapy

 Rx based on estimate of the most likely pathogens given presenting s/s & siteof infection as well as community events

500

Serology

identifies infectious agents indirectly by measuring the antibody level (titer) in theserum of an infected host.

Penicillins

100

What is the antidote for penicillins?

Epinephrine

200

What are the nursing considerations?

(What can the drug cause?)

GI upset (n/v, diarrhea)

Allergies (rash)

Decreased platelet count

300

Teachings involved

Take most PCN’s on an empty stomach. Take med 1 hourbefore or 2 hours after eating. Augmentin (amoxicillin/clavulanic acid)-take with foodincrease absorption & decrease GI upset. Take with a full glass of water. Do not take with acidic juices they will decrease absorption. Complete the full course of drug. Liquid- Shake well, discard liquid after 1 week (room temp)& 2 week (fridge) Report s/s of allergic reaction immediately

400

Name penicillin combination drugs

 Combination drugs are Augmentin (Amoxicillin/clavulanate) Zosyn (Piperacillin/Tazobactam)

500

before prescribing ampicillin or other penicillins for strep infections what should be done

culture and sensitivity tests

Cephalosporins

100

what generation are they?

5

200

nursing considerations

 Administer with caution to neonates due to immaturekidney function age and weight should be considered with dosing (children too) Elderly have increase in adverse effects because ofdecreased renal function. Require dosage change with renal impairment. Adverse reactions: hypersensitivity & superinfections(c-diff) Aminoglycosides, Lasix, & Vanc increase nephrotoxicity

300

patient teachings

 Take most oral doses with food or milk to prevent stomachupset. Report the occurrence of diarrhea, especially if it is severe orcontains blood, pus, or mucus. Cephalosporins can cause antibiotic-associated colitis, and the drugmay need to be stopped. Do not take Cefaclor, cefdinir (Omnicef), or cefpodoxime (Vantin)with antacids. Do not take while breastfeeding Oral or vaginal candidas can occur

400

Where do these drugs reach maximum concentration

kidneys and liver

500

what drugs increase the effects of cephalosporins

aminoglycosides

entecavir

furosemide

nimodipine

vancomycin