Short Q's
Amino Acids
Peptide links
Structure
Properties
100

what four elements make up protein

CHON

100

What are non- essential amino acids 

they can be manufactured by the body

100

how is a peptide link formed?

when 2 amino acids join together

100

What is the primary structure?

Primary structure is the order or sequence of amino acids in protein chains.

100

What is denaturation and what causes it to happen?

A change in the nature of a protein chain.

Heat chemicals agitation

200

proteins are large molecules made up of......

What are proteins made up of

amino acids 

200

how many essential & non essential amino acids are there?

20

200

what happens in the 1st stage?

The COOH (acidic) group of one amino acid reacts with the NH2 (basic) group of another.

200

what is the secondary structure?

Secondary structure involves the folding of the primary structure of proteins into definite shapes.

200

What is maillard reaction?

Non enzymic browning of food due to a rand sugars under a dry heat.

300

Draw the basic structure of an amino acid

            H

NH2      C        COOH

            R

300

how many essential amino acids do kids need ?

all 10

300

what happens in the 2nd stage?

The COOH (acidic) group loses an OH group. The NH2 (basic group) loses a hydrogen (h) atom. The hydrogen (H) atom and the OH group join together to form a water (H20) molecule that is lost.

300

Name the 2 types of bonds in the secondary structure

Disulfide & hydrogen

300

Give an example of denaturation by heat

Eggs coagulating at 60 and 68 degrees

400

Name the groups of the amino acid structure

carbon

amino/basic

carboxyl

variable/changing

400

how many essential amino acids do adults need?

8

400

What happens in the 3rd stage?

The result is a CO-NH bond. This new molecule is called a dipetide.(two amino acids joined together). When more than 20 amino acids join together, a polypeptide is formed. When more than 50 amino acids join together, a protein is formed. Each protein consists of one or more polypeptide chains.

400

What is the tertiary structure?

Involves the folding of the secondary structure of proteins into three-dimensional shapes.

400

Give an example of maillard reaction

roast potatoes 

biscuits

toast

500

What are essential amino acids and give an example

cannot be manufactured by the body, they must be supplied by the diet/obtained from food

Valine,Lysine,Leucine,Isoleucine,Phenylalanine, Methionine,Threonine,Tryptophan,Histidine (children),Arginine (children)

500

Name the 2 essential amino acids children need but adults don't

histidine & arganine

500

Draw the stricture of the 3rd stage

         H        O                H

NH2   C        C        N      C        COOH

         R                  H       R

                      

                   H20

500

Name the two types in the tertiary structure

Fibrous & Globular

500

Give an example of denaturation by chemicals

adding lemon juice to milk and it curdles (caseinogen)