PROTEIN BASICS
Proteins are built from these small units.
amino acids
Proteins help build and repair these.
tissues and muscles
When protein structure changes due to heat or acid.
denaturation
The body’s main source of energy
carbohydrates
Calories per gram in lipids
The four elements that make up proteins
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
Proteins that help fight infection
antibodies
When proteins clump together
coagulation
The simplest sugar used by the body
glucose
Fatty acid with no double bonds.
saturated fat
Amino acids that must come from food
essential amino acids
A balance proteins help maintain in the body
fluid balance
A mixture of two liquids that don’t normally mix
emulsion
Carbs that provide quick energy
simple carbohydrates
Lipids help keep the body warm by doing this
insulating the body
Proteins that contain all amino acids
complete proteins
Why protein is important for athletes
muscle growth and repair
A protein found in wheat that helps bread rise
gluten
Where carbohydrate digestion begins
mouth
The “good” cholesterol
HDL
Why rice and beans together form a complete protein
they supply missing amino acids to each other
What happens if someone doesn’t get enough protein
poor growth, weak muscles, or illness
Why does overmixing eggs or whipped cream ruin recipes
protein structure is damaged or over-coagulated
Why simple sugars can cause an energy crash
quick spike then drop in blood sugar
Why trans fats should be limited
they increase heart disease risk