Enzymes
The role of an enzyme in a reaction is?
Speed up the rate of a reaction
A change in the DNA sequence
Mutation
What nitrogen base is found ONLY in RNA?
Uracil (U)
Identify which number is the nucleus?
4
Special copy of DNA that carries instructions from nucleus to cytoplasm
mRNA
what was the name of the cirucular tool we used to turn our mRNA strands into amino acids
codon wheel
How many mRNA bases (letters) are in each codon?
3
DNA has _____ strand(s) while RNA has ____ strand(s).
Two, One
What is number 6 referring to?
What is this process called?
mRNA strand
transcription
Reads the mRNA and constructs a Protein
Ribosome
After an enzyme gets used does its shape change?
NO their shape doesn't change they are reusable!
Name two things that describe what proteins do in our body?
- help with movement through muscle contraction
- give you traits
- provide structure in your body
DNA must remain in the __________ , while RNA can travel from the ___________ to the __________
Nucleus, Nucleus, Cytoplasm
What is number 9?
protein
When copying for the coding strand of DNA to the template strand what letters pair together?
A with T
G with C
What are three things that can denature and enzyme?
Heat, PH, Toxins
Where in the cell do proteins get made?
Cytoplasm at the Ribosome
Which kind of mutation cause a frame shift mutation?
Addition and Deletion
because DNA is trapped in the nucleus so we need mRNA to create proteins (mRNA can leave)
A string of __________ ____________ form a protein.
Amino Acids
What are three types of mutagens (things that cause mutations)?
X-Rays, Carcinogens (in cigs) and UV rays/tanning beds
__________________ are the instructions for making _______________________ that determine your ___________________
Genes, Proteins, Traits (GPT)
What organelle reads the mRNA strand and builds proteins?
Ribosomes
Identify structure 10.
What is happening here?
ribosome
the ribosome is reading the mRNA strand and creating proteins (transcription)
Chains of amino acids that are used to build and repair tissue.
Proteins