Transcription
Where does transcription take place?
In the nucleus
What are ribosomes made of?
rRNA and protein
Where does the enzyme bind to begin transcription?
Promoter region
How can multiple proteins be created from the same gene?
Alternative splicing
Removal of a gene in order to study its functions is called what?
Gene knockout
RNA polymerase
In what direction is mRNA read?
5' to 3'
Describe a modification to a histone that can decrease the rate of transcription
Methylation
What does the fairy godmother transform into a coach for Cinderella?
A pumpkin
What kind of mutation changes every codon after the mutation?
Frameshift
What con man made millions in the 1920s using a pyramid scheme?
Carlo Ponzi
What is the start condon on mRNA?
AUG
What is the chemical symbol for tin?
Sn
How can environmental effects be passed down to offspring?
Epigenetics
Mutations that cannot be passed down to offspring are called what?
Somatic
What is added to mRNA after transcription?
5' cap and poly A tail
The lack of what element in the diet can result in the formation of a goiter?
Iodine
Steroid hormones can travel into the nucleus and act as what type of regulatory molecule?
Transcription factor
What term describes the fact that multiple codons can code for the same amino acid?
Degeneracy
How many states only have 4 letters?
3- Ohio, Utah, Iowa
Which strand of DNA is used as a template in transcription?
Antisense strand
What are the 4 stages of translation?
Initiation, translocation, elongation, termination
A noncoding section of DNA often distant from the gene is regulates that can increase the transcription of the gene is called what?
Enhancer
How can multiple related genes be regulated as a unit?
In an operon
What property of the genetic code allows some mutations to be silent?
Degeneracy