RNA
The RNA base is complementary to A.
What is U (Uracil)?
In DNA the letter A binds to ________.
What is T?
Where in the (eukaryotic) cell does transcription occur?
The nucleus
Where in the cell does translation occur?
(True for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells)
Cytoplasm (specifically on ribosomes).
The type of RNA which is created from complementary DNA in the nucleus.
What is mRNA?
In eukaryotic organisms, DNA is stored in the ____________.
What is the "nucleus?"
Transcribe the following sequence:
TAC GGG TTT
Transcribe the following sequence:
TAC GGG TTT -DNA
AUG CCC AAA -RNA
What organelle is responsible for translation (part of protein synthesis)?
What is the ribosome?
The type of RNA which carries an amino acid to the ribosome and binds to the mRNA codon.
What is tRNA?
Write the complementary DNA sequence to the following:
ATC TTT GGG ACC
Write the complementary DNA sequence to the following:
ATC TTT GGG ACC
TAG AAA CCC TGG
In transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase makes _________ from the complementary DNA code.
What is mRNA?
Translate this sequence:
AUG UUU GAU UAG
Translate this sequence:
AUG UUU GAU UAG
MET PHE ASP STOP
Name one difference between the structure of RNA and DNA.
RNA has:
-uracil
-is single stranded
-uses ribose for its sugar backbone
If 30% of a DNA sequence contains the letter "C," what percent of DNA sequence will contain the letter "G?"
a. 30%
b. 60%
c. 50%
d. 20%
a. 30%
Because C and G are complementary, so if 30% is C, then 30% is G.
True/False: In eukaryotic cells, DNA can leave the nucleus.
False: DNA does not leave the nucleus in eukaryotic cells.
Fill in the blanks:
Codons are a set of _____ nucleotides in the mRNA which code for a specific ______ acid.
Codons are a set of 3 nucleotides in the mRNA which code for a specific amino acid.
Name the three types of RNA we have learned about and their functions.
1) mRNA
carries the information stored in the DNA
2) tRNA
carries an amino acid to the mRNA based on the mRNA codon sequence
3) rRNA
makes up the ribosome
A mutation in this DNA sequence in the following protein coding gene will do what?
Original sequence: TAC ...
Mutated sequence: TTC ...
a. Nothing
b. Remove the stop codon
c. Remove the start codon
d. There is not enough information to know.
c. "Remove the start codon"
Original sequence: TAC ...
AUG
Met (Start)
Mutated sequence: TTC ...
AAG
Lys
True/False: in prokaryotic cells, transcription takes place in the cytoplasm.
True! Prokaryotic organisms do not have a nucleus, so transcription must take place in the cytoplasm.
What type of RNA is the ribosome made up of?
What is rRNA?