RNA
List the four types of nitrogen bases found RNA:
Adenine (A), Uracil (U), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G)
Where does Transcription occur in a eukaryotic cell?
Nucleus
Where does Translation occur in a eukaryotic cell?
A mutation that involves one nitrogen base replacing an existing base
Substitution
RNA's structure can be described as a ________ helix, while DNA's structures is described as a double helix
Single
What is the primary transcription enzyme that synthesizes RNA copies of specific sequences.
RNA Polymerase
On what cellular organelle does Translation take place?
A mutation where a nitrogen base is removed from a DNA sequence:
Deletion
What are the three types of RNA?
What is rRNA (Ribosomal), tRNA (Transfer), mRNA (Messenger).
Transcribe the following DNA sequence into RNA:
TAC GGA ACT
AUG CCU UGA
List the 3 nitrogen bases that code for the start codon:
AUG
After an insertion or deletion mutation, a _________ occurs and changes entire reading frame of the RNA codons
Frameshift
Name of the sugar found in RNA:
Ribose
RNA Polymerase transcribes DNA from a ____ --> _____ direction
5' ---> 3'
List (1) example of the nitrogen bases that code for a STOP codon:
UGA
UAG
UAA
List one example of how a mutation can be beneficial:
If the mutations can allow organisms to better survive in their environment
Name for region of of RNA that is removed during RNA editing:
Introns
Before entering the cytoplasm, RNA is given a 5' ________ cap and a 3' ________ tail
5' methyl-guanine cap
3' Poly-A tail
The type of bond that holds together amino acids in a growing polypeptide:
Peptide bond
Original DNA: AUG TTC GAC
Mutated DNA: ATU GTT CGA C
Insertion Mutation