DNA
DNA has ___ strands.
2
The 4 nitrogenous bases of an RNA molecule include....
adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil
The process in which DNA is used to make an mRNA strand.
transcription
Protein Synthesis actually begins in the _______________ when DNA transcribes into ___________.
nucleus, mRNA
A sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base make up a_______.
nucleotide
True or False
RNA can be found in the nucleus and cytoplasm
True
The site where mRNA is created from the DNA sequence. (where does transcription happen?)
nucleus
This type of RNA transfers the appropriate amino acid.
tRNA
The 4 nitrogenous bases of a DNA molecule include...
adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine
Name the three different types of RNA
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
What enzyme adds nucleotides to the growing RNA strand during transcription?
RNA polymerase
These three nitrogen bases are complimentary to the mRNA codons during translation and found on tRNA
anticodon
Adenine pairs with ___________
Guanine pairs with ____________
thymine, cytosine
RNA usually has ____ strands
one
Ribosomes read the mRNA strand _____ codon at a time. Each codon is made of ______ nitrogen bases.
1, 3
The type of RNA that carries the message from the nucleus to the ribosome
mRNA
What is the sugar found in DNA?
deoxyribose
True or False
mRNA can't leave the nucleus because it's too big.
false
The sequence of bases on mRNA that allows the initiation step of translation to begin is ______
the START codon
What is the START codon and what amino acid does it code for?
AUG, met
A DNA Molecule has the bases, AGC-TAC-GCT-ACT. What is the complementary DNA molecule that will form?
TCG-ATG-CGA-TGA.
An mRNA strand is AUG-CUA-CCG. What would be the resulting tRNA anticodons?
UAC-GAU-GGC
A ribosome will continue to create a protein until it encounters a ____.
STOP codon
A DNA strand has the following bases: A A G C C A. What are the bases on its complimentary strand?
T T C G G T
DNA is located in the ________ of a cell.
nucleus
List 3 differences between a DNA & RNA molecule.
DNA is double stranded; RNA is single
N. Bases for DNA: A, C, G, T; RNA: A, U, C, G
DNA has a deoxyribose sugar; RNA: ribose sugar
DNA has the genetic code; RNA uses DNA to carry the message.
DNA can't leave the nucleus; RNA has to leave the nucleus
The process of protein synthesis in which mRNA is used to produce proteins is known as ______.
translation
translation happens in the _____ of the cell.