Protein Synthesis 1
Protein Synthesis 2
Protein Synthesis 3
Protein Synthesis 4
Protein Synthesis 5
100
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
100
Where does transcription take place?
In the nucleus
100
What is a codon?
it is a series of 3 nitrogen bases found on an mRNA strand
100
What does the "m" stand for in mRNA?
messenger
100
What are 3 types of RNA?
mRNA, tRNA and rRNA
200
What is the structure difference in DNA and mRNA?
DNA is a double Helix, RNA is a single Helix.
200
What mRNA bases would pair with this strand of DNA: G-G-A-T-C-G-C
C-C-U-A-G-C-G
200
What occurs during translation?
an mRNA strand is "decoded" into a sequence of amino acids, that result in a protein
200
What is the relationship between amino acids and proteins?
Amino acids are the building blocks of a protein. A protein is a chain of amino acids that are connected to each other.
200
What is important about these three codons: UGA, UAA, and UAG?
They are "stop" codons and they signal that the protein is done being assembled.
300
What are 2 parts of protein synthesis called?
Transcription and Translation
300
What is the result of transcription?
a copy of a gene is made, using mRNA
300
What does tRNA Stand for?
Transfer RNA
300
Where does translation occur and what is the end result?
Translation occurs in a ribosome and the end result is a protein.
300
What happens if there is a deletion or a duplication of a nitrogen base in DNA, for example:
T - A - G - G - C - A - T - C becomes
T - A - G - C - A - T - C
this would be a mutation that affects the ENTIRE amino acid sequence afterwards... it would probably change the shape of the protein entirely
400
What sugar is found in DNA, versus RNA?
DNA has deoxyribose sugar and RNA has ribose sugar.
400
Any change in a DNA sequence.
A mutation
400
What two things are on either end of a tRNA molecule?
On one end is the ANTICODON and on the other end is an AMINO ACID
400
How many amino acids are there?
20
400
What is a ribosome composed of?
rRNA and proteins
500
Where is DNA located?
DNA is found in the nucleus
500
This nitrogen base is found in RNA, but not in DNA
Uracil
500
Where must an mRNA attach before protein production can begin?
mRNA must attach itself to a ribosome
500
Using the codon chart, determine what amino acid correlates to the mRNA codon U-U-G
Leu
500
Which type(s) of RNA are involved in translation?
all 3 - m, t, r RNA