Transcription and Translation
What is transcription and where does it occur?
The transcribing of DNA to mRNA in the nucleus.
What is the base pairing difference in RNA?
In RNA, Adenine goes to Uracil, not Thymine.
How does genetic cloning change the DNA of an animal?
It doesn't!
Are all mutations bad?
No, some help the organism adapt and survive better in its environment.
What was the original name for this class?
Pre-AP Biology.
What is translation and where does it occur?
The translating from mRNA to amino acids.
What is the function of mRNA (messenger RNA)?
It receives the code from the DNA necessary to make an amino acid.
Has cloning been successful?
Yes, many animals have been successfully cloned.
What do gene mutations ultimately end up affecting?
The protein. (amino acid is also acceptable).
How many people are in this class? Make sure to include people who may be absent today!
17
In translation, amino acids are joined by what?
rRNA.
What are the full forms of mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA?
mRNA - Messenger RNA
tRNA - Transfer RNA
rRNA - Ribosomal RNA
Can cloned animals reproduce naturally?
Yes, even clones can reproduce.
What causes frameshift mutations?
Deletions and insertions.
How many honors biology classes does Mrs. Reeves have and which periods are they?
2 classes - 3rd period (better) and 4th period.
What is the start codon, anticodon, and amino acid for ALL proteins?
Codon - AUG
Anticodon - TAC
Amino Acid - Methionine
What is a structural difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA has Deoxyribose whereas RNA has Ribose.
What is genetic cloning?
The process of creating a genetically identical organism by exactly copying its DNA.
What are the three specific types of mutations?
Deletion, insertion, and substitution.
When is our exam for this class? You cannot look at the schedule.
Wednesday. Be ready!
Translate the following sequence:
ATG CGG ATA ACA TTA AAA
UAC GCG UAU UGU AAU UUU
The shape of RNA can be described as a ___
Double helix.
What is one big problem in cloning an organism?
No variation in the immune system. If a disease wipes out one, it can wipe out all of them.
A mutation that does not affect the amino acid produced is called what?
A silent mutation.
What does Mrs. Reeves' bathroom pass remind you to do? You cannot look at the pass.
Wash your hands!