Protein Synthesis Step 1
Process in which mRNA is assembled and prepared to leave the nucleus.
What is transcription?
Where does translation occur?
It occurs in ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
Where is a codon found?
On the mRNA strand
What are the four nucleotides found in DNA?
Adenin, thymine, cytosine, guanine
What 3 parts make up a tRNA?
The main tRNA strand, an amino acid, and an anticodon
What is the main purpose of translation?
To build a protein from mRNA instructions
What are the nucleotides found in RNA?
Adenine, uracil, guanine, cytosine
After mRNA breaks away from the template DNA strand, what happens to the DNA?
The DNA strands come back together, the hydrogen bonds reform and it winds back into a double helix.
What type of bonds hold the "backbone" of DNA together?
covalent bonds
Bonus: What 2 structures make up the backbone of the DNA strand?
This important code found on the mRNA that tells the Ribosome when to stop translating.
What is the stop codon?
Template strand
What type of bonds hold the "rungs of the DNA together?
Hydrogen bonds
A codon that doesn't code for a protein, but instead acts as a signal for the termination of protein synthesis at the Ribosome.
What is a stop codon?
How much of the template DNA strand is copied into the mRNA?
What is one gene?
Where is mRNA found during translation?
In a ribosome in the cytoplasm of the cell.
The nucleotide that matches and bonds with a nucleotide of interest. For example: adenine with thymine in DNA.
What is a complementary nucleotide?
What are two differences between DNA and RNA?
RNA uses uracil instead of thymine and has a different sugar than DNA. single stranded vs double stranded
What is the code for the start codon?
AUG