Proteins
Growth and Maintenance, Create enzymes for chemical reactions, hormones, antibodies, and fluid balance
What is an amino acid?
a molecule that combines with other amino acid molecules to make proteins.
What percentage of their calories should teens get from fat?
25-35 %
What is LDL? Explain its function.
Takes cholesterol from the liver to wherever it is needed in the body
Excess builds up in artery walls and increases the risk of heart disease and stroke
“Bad”
Want low levels
What determines the color of the eggs shell? Does it impact nutrients?
The breed of the hen. No.
What happens when you eat protein foods?
Your body breaks it down into amino acids.
What is a type of amino acid that your body needs but cannot make?
An essential amino acid.
What is a Lipid?
Are chemical compounds found in every cell
What is HDL? Explain its function.
Picks up excess cholesterol and takes it back to the liver for excretion
“Good”
Want level of HDL to be high!
What happens when an egg becomes firm?
It coagulates.
What is a complete protein?
A food that contains all nine essential amino acids.
How many different types of amino acids are there?
20
What is hydrogenation?
Hydrogenation – missing hydrogen is added to the unsaturated fat; increasing saturation
– turns vegetable oils into solids
–Shortening and most margarines
–Gives longer shelf life and more flavor
Why should we monitor and limit or cholesterol intake?
Because the body produces all it needs, so what we get from foods is extra.
How do egg substitutes differ from regular eggs?
Contain no egg yolks, no cholesterol or fat and fewer calories, more expensive. Contain less protein, less phosphorous and lack some B vitamins.
What percent of calories should teens get from protein?
10-30 percent
What is an essential amino acid?
an amino acid that the body needs but cannot make.
What are fats?
lGreasy substances, solid or liquid (oils) that don’t dissolve in water
What is cholesterol?
a fat like substance in cells that is needed for many body processes; i.e digesting fat, building cells, making vitamin D, and making some hormones.
List the parts of the egg.
Shell, Shell membrane, albumen, yolk, chalaze
What is PEM?
Protein Energy Malnutrition;
–Most common form of malnutrition in world.
–Improper growth
–May affect people with eating disorders.
What are some foods that contain all 9 essential amino acids?
meats, poultry, fish, eggs, milk, and soy
Unsaturated Fatty Acids – missing hydrogen units
Saturated Fatty Acid – Contains all the hydrogen it can hold,
Limit cholesterol to 300 milligrams a day.
How do grades AA and A eggs differ from grade B eggs. When should AA and A be used? When should B be used?
They have a thicker white, and take up a smaller space when cracked.
AA and A should be used when appearance matters (poached, or fried) B should be used when appearance doesn't matter (baked goods)