Atomic Scientists
Which scientist first created the term "atomos" which means uncuttable?
Democritus
Which subatomic particle has a positive (+) charge?
Proton
Protons (and electrons)
What is an isotope?
Atoms of the same element with different mass numbers (different # of neutrons)
Which element on the periodic table is the lightest?
Hydrogen (H)
Who performed the Gold Foil Experiment, thus proving the existence of the nucleus of the atom?
Ernest Rutherford
Which two subatomic particles are always found within the nucleus of the atom?
Protons & Neutrons
What is the atomic number of Vanadium (V)?
23
If two atoms have different atomic numbers but the same mass number are they isotopes?
No
Average Atomic Mass
Which scientist discovered the presence of the neutron within the atoms nucleus?
James Chadwick
Protons & Electrons
What is the average atomic mass of Antimony (Sb)? (DON'T FORGET YOUR UNITS)
121.76 amu
If two atoms both have an atomic number of 6, but different mass numbers. Are these isotopes?
Yes
Protons + Neutrons
Which parts of John Dalton's Atomic Theory proved to be TRUE?
1.) Elements are composed of small indivisible particles called atoms.
2.) Atoms of the same element are identical.
3.) Atoms of different elements combine together in simple proportions to create specific compounds.
4.) In a chemical reaction, atoms are simply rearranged to make new compounds.
#3 and #4
What part of the atom takes place in chemical reactions?
Electron Cloud
Which two elements on the periodic table are found naturally as liquids?
Mercury (Hg) & Bromine (Br)
Which 3 numbers are always identical on an isotope chart? (like the ones you've filled out in your notes/homework)
Atomic Number, Protons, & Electrons
Why are some of the chemical symbols different from the english names of elements? (EX: Iron = Fe)
They are from their latin names, which are different from their english names.
Name the 6 key scientists we discussed as being part of the creation of modern atomic theory IN ORDER. (Oldest --> Newest)
Democritus - John Dalton - JJ Thomson - Ernest Rutherford - Niels Bohr - James Chadwick
Fill out the following chart for Fluorine - 19
Atomic # = ?
Mass # = ?
# protons = ?
# electrons = ?
# neutrons = ?
Atomic # = 9
Mass # = 19
# of protons = 9
# of electrons = 9
# of neutrons = 10
How many neutrons does Iron (Fe) have on it's most abundant isotope (the one found on the periodic table)?
How many neutrons are in the isotope Seaborgium-271?
271 - 106 = 165 neutrons
How are isotopes used (specifically Carbon) to determine the age of materials/samples?
Carbon-14 decays over a long period of time, you can determine how much Carbon-14 is in a sample and use mathematical formulas to determine roughly how old the sample is.