Electricity
A form of energy resulting from the existence of charged particles (such as electrons or protons), either statically as an accumulation of charge or dynamically as a current.
What is electricity?
A fundamental theory in physics that provides a description of the physical properties of nature at the scale of atoms and subatomic particles. allows the calculation of properties and behavior of physical systems. It is typically applied to microscopic systems: molecules, atoms and sub-atomic particles. It has been demonstrated to hold for complex molecules with thousands of atoms, but its application to human beings raises philosophical problems, and its application to the universe as a whole remains speculative. Its predictions have been verified experimentally to an extremely high degree of accuracy.
Any material capable of being magnetized.
What is a ferromagnetic material?
A Serbian-American inventor, electrical engineer, mechanical engineer, and futurist best known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electricity supply system. He demonstrated his achievements to celebrities and wealthy patrons at his lab, and was noted for his showmanship at public lectures
Nikola Tesla
The natural science that studies life and living organisms, including their physical structure, chemical processes, molecular interactions, physiological mechanisms, development and evolution.
Biology
device that transfers electric energy from one alternating-current circuit to one or more other circuits, either increasing (stepping up) or reducing (stepping down) the voltage.
What is a transformer?
The weakest of the four fundamental forces of physics. As a consequence, it has no significant influence at the level of subatomic particles. In contrast, it is the dominant interaction at the macroscopic scale, and is the cause of the formation, shape and trajectory of astronomical bodies.
Gravity
a coil wound into a tightly packed helix whose length is substantially greater than its diameter, which produces a uniform magnetic field in a volume of space when an electric current is passed through it.
What is a solenoid?
a Scottish scientist in the field of mathematical physics. His most notable achievement was to formulate the classical theory of electromagnetic radiation, bringing together for the first time electricity, magnetism, and light as different manifestations of the same phenomenon. His equations for electromagnetism have been called the "second great unification in physics," where the first one had been realized by Isaac Newton.
James Clerk Maxwell
Branch of science that involves the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter. Often known as the central science, it is a creative discipline chiefly concerned with atomic and molecular structure and its change.
Chemistry
A region in space in which which each point is affected by a force.
What is a field?
Holds most ordinary matter together because it confines quarks into hadron particles such as the proton and neutron. In addition, the it binds these neutrons and protons to create atomic nuclei.
Strong Nuclear Force
a machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
What is a motor?
A Cornish chemist and inventor remembered for isolating, by using electricity, a series of elements for the first time: potassium and sodium in 1807 and calcium, strontium, barium, magnesium and boron the following year, as well as for discovering the elemental nature of chlorine and iodine. He also studied the forces involved in these separations, inventing the new field of electrochemistry.
Humphry Davy
The branch of science that deals with the structure of matter and how the fundamental constituents of the universe interact. It studies objects ranging from the very small using quantum mechanics to the entire universe using general relativity.
Physics
The pressure from an electrical circuit's power source that pushes charged electrons through a conducting loop, enabling them to do work.
What is voltage?
A type of physical interaction that occurs between electrically charged particles. It plays a major role in determining the internal properties of most objects encountered in daily life. It attracts electrons to atomic nuclei and is responsible for the chemical bonds between atoms which create molecules, and intermolecular forces. It governs all chemical processes, which arise from interactions between the electrons of neighboring atoms.
The electromagnetic force
A machine that converts mechanical energy into electric energy.
What is a generator?
A German physicist who first conclusively proved the existence of the electromagnetic waves predicted by James Clerk Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism. The unit of frequency was named in his honor.
Heinrich Hertz
A systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe.
Science
the release and transmission of electricity in an applied electric field through a medium such as a gas.
What is an electric discharge?
The mechanism of interaction between subatomic particles that is responsible for the radioactive decay of atoms. Its range is limited to subatomic distances, and is less than the diameter of a proton. It is the only interaction that can change the flavor of quarks (i.e., of changing one type of quark into another).
Weak Nuclear Force
The production of electricity across an electrical conductor in a changing magnetic field.
What is induction?
An English scientist who contributed to the study of electromagnetism and electrochemistry. His main discoveries include the principles underlying electromagnetic induction, diamagnetism and electrolysis. His inventions of electromagnetic rotary devices formed the foundation of electric motor technology, and it was largely due to his efforts that electricity became practical for use in technology.
Michael Faraday
A substance that produces an electrically conducting solution when dissolved in a polar solvent, such as water. The dissolved solute separates into cations and anions, which disperse uniformly through the solvent. Electrically, such a solution is neutral.
Electrolyte (salt)