pH
Acids have a pH of ____________
Less than 7
A + B = AB
Synthesis
What is an alpha particle made up of?
two protons + two neutrons
Define Boyle's Law (P1V1 = P2V2)
As pressure increases, volume decreases
What is radiation?
Particles, waves, or energy emitted by atoms
Acid + Base = __________ + ____________
Acid + Base = Water + Salt
AB = A + B
decomposition
Explain the difference between the two kinds of beta particles.
One is a negative electron; the other is a positive electron, or "positron"
Define Charles's Law (V1/T1=V2/T2)
When volume increases, temperature increases.
Using a volume expressed in milliliters and a mass expressed in grams, what would be the unit for density?
g/mL
How do we distinguish a strong acid from a weak acid?
As an acid dissolves in water, its molecules break apart and produce hydronium ions. If all of the molecules break apart, the acid is considered a STRONG acid. If only a few of the molecules break apart, the acid is considered a WEAK acid.
_____ + _____ = CO2 + H2O
combustion
Explain what can stop the three kinds of radiation (alpha, beta, gamma)
Alpha - copy paper
Beta - aluminum foil
Gamma - large amounts of soil or lead
Define Gay-Lussac's Law (P1/T1=P2/T2)
When temperature increases, pressure increases.
Which is faster: alpha particles or beta particles?
Beta particles
How do we distinguish a strong base from a weak base?
When a base dissolves in water, its molecules break apart and produce hydroxide ions. If only some of the molecules break apart, the base is considered a WEAK base. If all of the molecules break apart, the base is considered a STRONG base.
AB + C = AC + B
single replacement
Imagine that you have 1000 atoms of element A. This element has a half-life of 15,000 years. After 30,000 years, how many atoms of element A would remain unchanged?
250
A block of aluminum is dropped into a graduated cylinder with an initial volume of water at 75 mL and the volume rises to 90 mL. If the block has a mass of 40.5 g, what is its density?
3 g/mL
Neutral substances have a pH of _________
7
AB + CD = AD + BC
double replacement
Briefly explain the process by which beta particles are formed and emitted.
In the nucleus of an unstable atom, a neutron spontaneously transforms into a proton. In the process, it emits a beta particle.
Identify which gas law applies to the following word problem:
A sample of fluorine gas occupies 810 milliliters at 270 K and 1 atm. What volume does the gas occupy when the pressure is doubled, and the temperature increases to 400 K?
Combined Gas Law (P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2)
2 C2H6 + 7 O2 →6 H2O + ___ CO2
What coefficient would balance the following equation?
4