Atomic Structure
The atomic number of an element equals the number of what particle?
Protons
The vertical columns on the periodic table are called what?
Groups
Electrons in the outermost energy level are called what?
Valence Electrons
What do isotopes of the same element differ in?
The number of neutrons/mass.
What do the dots in a Lewis dot diagram represent?
Valence electrons
What subatomic particle determines the element’s identity?
The number of protons
The horizontal rows on the periodic table are called what?
Periods
How many valence electrons does a neutral sulfur atom have?
6
What does the mass number of an atom represent?
The total number of protons and neutrons
Draw or describe the Lewis dot for oxygen.
Drawing.
What three subatomic particles make up an atom?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons
What do elements in the same group have in common?
The same number of valence electrons
Calcium has atomic number 20. How many valence electrons does it have?
2
How many protons and electrons are in a neutral chlorine atom?
17 protons and 17 electrons
What is the family name for elements in Group 18?
Noble gases
If an atom has 11 protons and 12 neutrons, what is its mass number?
23
What do elements in the same period have in common?
The same number of energy levels
How many energy levels are completely filled in a neon atom?
2
When an electron absorbs energy and moves to a higher level, what state is it in?
The excited state
Is bromine a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid?
Nonmetal
An atom has 17 protons, 18 neutrons, and 17 electrons. Write its isotope notation.
³⁵17Cl or Cl-35
Which side of the periodic table are metals located on?
The left side.
Which element has 5 valence electrons in the 4th energy level?
Arsenic
When an electron falls back to a lower energy level, what is released?
Light energy
Xenon is in Period 5 and Group 18. How many valence electrons does it have?
8