Newton's Laws
What is Newton's 1st Law of Motion?
Answer: An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
What is friction?
Answer: Friction is the resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another.
What is acceleration?
Answer: Acceleration is the rate at which an object changes its velocity.
What is gravity?
Answer: Gravity is a force that attracts two bodies toward each other, such as the Earth and an object.
Define motion.
Answer: Motion is the change in position of an object over time.
What is the formula for force?
Answer: Force is calculated using the formula F=maF=ma, where FF is force, mm is mass, and aa is acceleration.
Name two types of friction.
Answer: Static friction and kinetic (sliding) friction.
How do you calculate acceleration?
Answer: Acceleration can be calculated using the formula a=ΔvΔta=ΔtΔv, where ΔvΔv is the change in velocity and ΔtΔt is the change in time.
How does gravity affect motion?
Answer: Gravity pulls objects toward the center of the Earth, affecting their motion by accelerating them downward.
What is the difference between speed and velocity?
Answer: Speed is the distance traveled per unit of time, while velocity includes both speed and direction.
Give an example of an action-reaction pair.
Answer: When you push against a wall, the wall pushes back with equal force.
What factors affect friction?
Answer: The types of surfaces in contact and the force pressing them together affect friction.
What is the unit of acceleration?
Answer: The unit of acceleration is meters per second squared (m/s²).
What is the acceleration due to gravity on Earth?
Answer: The acceleration due to gravity on Earth is approximately 9.81 m/s29.81m/s2.
How do you calculate speed?
Answer: Speed can be calculated using the formula s=dts=td, where dd is distance and tt is time.
Explain Newton's 2nd Law in simple terms.
Answer: The acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the amount of force applied.
How can friction be reduced?
Answer: Friction can be reduced by using lubricants, smoothing surfaces, or using wheels.
How does acceleration relate to force?
Answer: According to Newton's 2nd Law, acceleration is directly proportional to the net force acting on an object and inversely proportional to its mass.
How does mass affect gravitational force?
Answer: The gravitational force between two objects increases as their masses increase.
What is a reference point?
Answer: A reference point is a stationary object used to determine the position or motion of another object.
How does mass affect acceleration?
Answer: A larger mass requires more force to achieve the same acceleration compared to a smaller mass.
Explain how friction can be beneficial.
Answer: Friction helps us walk without slipping and allows us to hold objects securely.
Give an example of positive and negative acceleration.
Answer: Positive acceleration occurs when a car speeds up, while negative acceleration (deceleration) occurs when a car slows down.
Explain the concept of weight vs. mass.
Answer: Mass is the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the gravitational force acting on that mass.
Explain the relationship between distance and time in motion.
Answer: The relationship can be expressed as speed, which is the distance traveled divided by the time taken.