Show:
Recollection and Familiarity
Implicit Memory
Amnesia
Aging & Brain disease
100
Elaboration/deep processing increases ______ more than _____
Elaboration/deep processing increases _Recollection_ more than _Familiarity_
100
What brain areas are associated with priming? Bonus: which direction is the activation?
Right occipital lobe (and fusiform face area for faces) // B: Decrease
100

Conceptual implicit memory is disrupted by damage to what area?


Perirhinal cortex

100

______ is more disrupted by aging than ______

Bonus: what's another answer?

4 pair options: Recall more disrupted than recognition; associative recognition more than item recognition; recollection more than familiarity; explicit more than implicit

200

Hippocampal damage alone disrupted ______ but "Hippocampal +" (aka larger MTL) damage disrupted _____

Hippocampal damage alone disrupted _Recollection_ but Hippocampal + (aka larger MTL) damage disrupted _Recollection and Familiarity_

200

What were the results of the perceptual identification experiment?

Generation (rather than just reading) helped explicit memory, but hurt perceptual implicit memory

200

What were the findings from the study on highschoolers who had very early hippocampal damage?

No evidence of memory recovery, but they retained ability to learn semantic info about the world

200
Parkinson's and Huntington's patients did poorly on _____ but were normal on ______
Parkinson's and Huntington's patients did poorly on _Tower of Toronto Task (skill learning)_ but were normal on _recall and recognition_
300
What is the BIC model? Bonus: Which area does what in the model?
Binding of items and context; hippocampus binds items and context together // perihinal cortex represents items, parahippocampal cortex represents context
300

What is an example of contamination between implicit and explicit memory?

Deep levels of processing increased priming (usually implicit) but that’s probably due to contamination of explicit

300

What kind of lesions lead to isolated retrograde amnesia?

Inferior temporal lobe damage with preserved hippocampus

300
Alzheimer's disease is related to very early atrophy in what two areas?
Hippocampus and entorhinal cortex
400
Describe the perceptual fluency experiment and its effect on R and F
Participants studied words, then at test, either had the word flashed for 20ms (not consciously perceptible) or not; doing this increases F but not R
400

What are 4 functional characteristics of perceptual implicit memory?

Requires very little attention

Slower forgetting than explicit

Sensitive to perceptual manipulations

Not sensitive to semantic manipulations

Susceptible to explicit contamination

400

Name 4 cognitive functions that are preserved in anterograde amnesia

Perceptual abilities

Phonological STM

Semantic memory

Skill learning

Perceptual & conceptual implicit memory

Delay Conditioning

Complex perceptual stimuli

Familiarity

400

Name two brain-behavior correlations in aging

Hippocampal atrophy and white matter hyperintensities are correlated with explicit memory declines

500

Which regions are part of the recollection network?

Hippocampus

Parahippocampal cortex

Angular Gyrus (lateral parietal cortex)

Retrosplenialcortex/posterior cingulate (medial parietal cortex)

Medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)


500

Describe the neuroimaging experiment from lecture that dissociated implicit and explicit memory

Study: incidental encoding of words

Test: ‘old’ stem completion, ‘old’ stem cued recall, ‘new’ stem completion, in PET scanner 

1) old stem completions associated with less right occipital activation than new stem completions (neural priming)

2) old recall completions associated with greater medial temporal lobe activation than new stems (explicit memory)

500

Describe the contextual cueing paradigm, and what the neuropsychological findings were

Response time is faster for repeated than novel arrays, even when recognition for the repeated array is at chance - implicit learning of complex spatial arrays

Hippocampal damage does not disrupt context cuing, but extensive MTL damage does. Parahippocampal gyrus is critical for learning of spatial configurations

500

What are 5 potential ways to reduce the effects of aging on memory?

1) Stay intellectually engaged

2) Maintain cardiovascular physical activity 

3) Minimize chronic stressors

4) Maintain brain-healthy diet: unsaturated fats (fish, olive oil), vitamin E, antioxidants (citrus, dark skinned fruits and vegetables)

5) Bilingualism