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Eeffoc
100

This term describes discomfort felt when holding two contradictory beliefs

What is Cognitive Dissonance?

100

Penn State was founded in 1855 under this original name, reflecting its roots as an agricultural school.

What is the Farmers' High School (of Pennsylvania)?

100

Excavators at the Łysa Góra site in Poland uncovered the remains of a 2,500-year-old longhouse and Thracian coin.

What is archaeology?

100

This ancient philosopher spent his days questioning Athenians in the marketplace, claimed to know that he knew nothing, and was eventually sentenced to death by hemlock.

Who is Socrates?

100

This brewing method uses finely ground coffee and steam pressure to quickly produce a small, concentrated shot topped with a layer of golden foam.

What is espresso?

200

This researcher's controversial 1960s obedience experiments had participants believe they were delivering increasingly severe electric shocks to a learner at the instruction of an authority figure.

Who is Stanley Milgram?

200

Before there was a Nittany Lion, this mule, purchased by the school in the 1860s to haul limestone, served as Penn State's unofficial mascot for three decades.

What is Old Coaly?

200

Sky-gazers announced that the interstellar visitor 3I/ATLAS is unusually rich in methanol, suggesting it formed under very different conditions than typical solar system comets.

What is astronomy?

200

This ethical framework judges the morality of an action purely by its consequences, holding that the right choice is whichever produces the greatest good for the greatest number.

What is utilitarianism?

200

This popular Starbucks-born beverage combines espresso with steamed milk and a lighter layer of foam than a cappuccino.

What is a latte?

300

According to Freud, this defense mechanism is at work when a person who secretly resents their boss ends up snapping at their spouse instead.

What is displacement?

300

In 1863, Penn State was designated as Pennsylvania's sole institution of this type, created under the federal Morrill Act to fund education through public land.

What is a land-grant university/institution?

300

A new producer price report showing higher costs for goods, airfares, and hospital services pushed traders to raise their bets on a Federal Reserve interest rate hike.

What is economics?

300

This foundational concept in Buddhist and Hindu philosophy refers to the law of cause and effect, where one's actions determine future suffering or well-being.

What is karma?

300

This brewing device uses a mesh plunger to separate grounds from water after steeping, producing a fuller-bodied cup than drip coffee.

What is a French press?

400

In Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, adolescents primarily wrestle with this conflict, centered on figuring out who they are.

What is identity vs. role confusion?

400

Often called the "Second Founder" of Penn State, this president led the school from 1882 to 1906 and broadened its curriculum beyond agriculture.

Who is George W. Atherton?

400

Fresh evidence suggested the ancient supercontinent Gondwana was significantly larger than previously believed, upending existing models of how continents have broken apart over Earth's history.

What is geology?

400

In this thought experiment, a prisoner escapes a lifetime of watching shadows on a wall, only to struggle explaining the outside world to those left behind.

What is Plato's Allegory of the Cave?

400

According to legend, this African country is the birthplace of coffee, discovered after a goat herder noticed his goats getting energetic from eating certain red berries.

What is Ethiopia?

500

A game of chance only rewards the player some of the time, indicating this schedule of reinforcement.

What is a variable ratio schedule?

500

This PSU major is the only one that's entirely student-designed, letting undergrads build a customized course of study across disciplines toward a Bachelor of Arts.

What is Letters, Arts, and Sciences?

500

A yeast-engineering breakthrough turned plastic and agricultural waste into ingredients for a protein-rich, 3D-printed snack developed in part for NASA's Deep Space Food program.

What is (bio)engineering?

500

This contemporary philosopher is best known for his arguments in favor of animal rights and effective altruism, laid out in his influential book "Animal Liberation".

Who is Peter Singer?

500

This chemical process, which occurs when coffee beans are roasted, involves amino acids reacting with sugars under heat to create the hundreds of compounds responsible for coffee's complex aroma and brown color.

What is the Maillard reaction?