Forms of energy
What is a conductor?
What is an insulator?
Conductors: Allow energy to pass through.
Insulators: Stops or slow down energy.
What is Weathering, Erosion, and Deposition?
Weathering: Breaks rock
Erosion: Takes rock
Deposition: Drops rock
What is renewable and nonrenewable?
Nonrenewable: Cannot be replaced in our lifetime. Cannot be replaced quickly enough to meet our needs.
Renewable: Can be replaced in our lifetime. Can be produced by nature again and again.
A student is creating a model to show how a sunflower plant makes its own food. Which of the following lists contains all the necessary ingredients the sunflower needs to start this process?
A. Soil, oxygen, and sugar
B. Sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide
C. Insects, water, and oxygen
D. Sunlight, soil, and fruit
B. Sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide
Finding the fossils of trees in an area that is currently a desert without much life might tell us that the area, millions of years ago –
A. was heavily eroded by strong winds.
B. received enough rain to support a forest.
C. a desert without much life.
D. suffered earthquakes that damaged trees.
B. received enough rain to support a forest.
Which example shows the transfer of energy through motion?
A. A plant growing in sunlight
B. A phone charging on a table
C. A ball rolling and knocking over a plant
D. A car parked in the driveway after school
C. A ball rolling and knocking over a plant
What choices are examples of Erosion? Select TWO.
A. Wind blowing over a rock to make it smooth.
B. Plant roots pushing and cracking through a rock.
C. Moving water carrying a rock downstream.
D. Water freezing inside of a rock and cracking it.
E. Wind blowing grains of sand across a desert.
C. Moving water carrying a rock downstream.
E. Wind blowing grains of sand across a desert.
A construction company is deciding whether to install solar panels or a coal-burning generator to power a new building. What is one advantage of choosing solar panels over coal?
A. Solar panels can produce energy at any time of night.
B. Solar panels do not release air pollutants like coal does.
C. Solar panels are less expensive to install initially than coal generators.
D. Solar panels take up less space than a coal-burning generator.
B. Solar panels do not release air pollutants like coal does.
Which sequence shows the correct flow of energy?
A. Sun ← Producers ← Consumers
B. Sun → Producers → Consumers
C. Sun → Decomposers → Consumers
D. Sun → Producers ← Consumers ← Decomposers
B. Sun → Producers → Consumers
Why do some plants have waxy leaves?
A. To store water
B. To reduce water loss
C. To attract water
D. To help lose extra water
B. To reduce water loss
What do ocean waves and sound waves have in common? Choose TWO answers.
A. They both transfer energy.
B. They both move through solids.
C. They are both visible to the eye.
D. They both travel through a medium.
E. They are both only able to travel through empty space.
A. They both transfer energy.
D. They both travel through a medium.
A glacier slowly moving can change Earth's surface by:
A. eroding and depositing rocks and sediment
B. Scraping and carving the land as it moves
C. Heating the ground and melting the rock
D. Depositing sediment and creating new mountains
B. Scraping and carving the land as it moves
How does recycling paper impact the environment?
A. It increases the amount of trash sent to landfills.
B. It requires more energy than harvesting new raw materials.
C. It reduces the need for harvesting new raw materials.
D. It has no effect on the environment or energy use.
C. It reduces the need for harvesting new raw materials.
In a science experiment, a plant is placed under a glass jar. After several hours, the plant has used up much of the carbon dioxide inside the jar. What is the plant most likely doing with that carbon dioxide?
A. Using it, along with water and light, to produce sugar (food).
B. Releasing it back into the soil to help the roots grow.
C. Turning it into water to keep the leaves hydrated.
D. Storing it to keep the plant warm during the night.
A. Using it, along with water and light, to produce sugar (food).
Why do water plants have large flat leaves?
A. To float and collect sunlight
B. To float and store seeds
C. To float and avoid predators
D. To float and grow roots
A. To float and collect sunlight
A student has four rods made from different materials.
GLASS , COPPER , RUBBER , ALUMINUM
Which two rods could be used to conduct electricity?
A. Glass and rubber
B. Glass and copper
C. Rubber and Aluminum
D. Copper and Aluminum
D. Copper and aluminum
Where is the most deposition likely to occur?
A. At the mouth of a river, where it enters an ocean.
B. On the side of a sand dune facing the wind.
C. At a site where glacial ice scrapes bedrock.
D. At the top of a steep slope in a stream bed.
A. At the mouth of a river, where it enters an ocean.
What are porous rocks, permeable rocks, and impermeable rocks?
Porous rocks: Has spaces that can hold water.
Permeable rocks: Has spaces where water can move through.
Impermeable rocks: Does not have spaces for water to move through.
Which change would most directly reduce a plant’s ability to make its own food?
A. Decreasing the amount of oxygen in the air
B. Removing sunlight from the environment
C. Increasing the amount of soil nutrients
D. Adding more water than needed
B. Removing sunlight from the environment
Which list shows ONLY inherited traits?
A. Eye color, hair type, freckles
B. Muscles, scars, calluses
C. Riding a bike, writing, reading
D. Strength, learning, practice
A. Eye color, hair type, freckles
Part A:
A student wants to build an electrical circuit. The student chooses to use the lightbulb, switch, and wire for her circuit. When she tries her circuit, she finds that it does not light up. What did the student miss in her design?
A. She did not include a light source.
B. She did not include a source of power.
C. She did not include a way for energy to travel.
D. She did not include a way to stop the flow of energy.
Part B:
What can the student do to make the circuit complete?
A. Add a wire
B. Close the switch
C. Add a battery
D. Change the light bulb
Part A:
B. She did not include a source of power.
Part B:
C. Add a battery
A steady stream of water flows from a faucet into a tray holding sand and gravel. The water forms a deep path by eroding some of the sand and gravel. How can the students increase the amount of sand and gravel being eroded?
A. by decreasing the water temperature.
B. by increasing coarse gravel to the tray.
C. by decreasing the tilt of the tray.
D. by increasing the amount of flowing water.
D. by increasing the amount of flowing water.
A scientist is looking for a rock layer that can hold oil. The scientist finds a rock that has many pores, but the pores are NOT connected. This means the rock has
A. High porosity but low permeability.
B. Low porosity but high permeability.
C. Both high porosity and high permeability.
D. Both low porosity and low permeability.
A. High porosity but low permeability.
Why are decomposers important in the cycling of matter?
A. They make food using sunlight
B. They hunt other animals
C. They return nutrients to the soil
D. They create energy for producers
C. They return nutrients to the soil
Two plants of the same type are growing in the same garden. One plant has many holes in its leaves because insects have been eating it. The other plant does not have damage.
This difference between the plants is —
A. inherited
B. acquired
C. genetic
D. learned
B. acquired