Methods & History
Cognitive psychologists make sense of data by making these.
models (hypotheses is also an acceptable answer)
The primary visual cortex (V1) is specialized for this type of visual feature.
Edges
In this task, participants must find a certain visual object in a display.
visual search task
7 + or - 2
This famous curve was discovered by Hermann Ebbinghaus.
Forgetting curve
This philosophical movement within psychology did not allow claims about the mind or mental processes.
Behaviorism
Von Helmholtz invented this famous perceptual principle, still used by modern-day perception researchers.
Unconscious inference
In this task, participants listen to two different messages using headphones, one message in each ear.
What is the dichotic listening task?
A famous study demonstrating the effects of expertise on working memory used this board game.
Chess
A famous idea for how explicit concepts are organized and accessed in the mind, associated with Collins, Quillian, and Loftus.
Semantic networks ("spreading activation" also acceptable)
FMRI picks up differences in blood oxygenation, also known as this.
BOLD signal
These "rules" for how visual information is interpreted comes from a school of psychology known for thinking "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts".
Gestalt principles
Your visual system uses this visual property to infer the sizes of objects.
Distance
The multicomponent model of working memory was developed primarily by this researcher.
Baddeley
Objects categorized in this way are special because they are the first categories learned in development, and have short words in most languages.
Basic categorization
This causal neuroscience method temporarily "lesions" part of the brain!
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
This theory of perception states that the various features of visual objects cannot be "bound" together without attention.
Feature integration theory
Attention can be goal-driven, stimulus-driven, or influenced by this third category.
Selection history (prior experience is also acceptable, if able to name both previous deployment and reward)
The existence of sensory memory was demonstrated through this task.
Partial report task
In a famous study on the reconstructive nature of memory, Bartlett read this kind of story to British schoolchildren.
Native American folktale (War of the Ghosts is also acceptable)
This neuroscience method was used to discover the receptive fields of individual cells in the primary visual cortex (V1).
Single-cell recording
This model of object recognition posits that we recognize things by their "geons", the simple 3D shapes that comprise objects.
Recognition by Components model
Both the early-selection and late-selection model of attention would have trouble explaining these effects.
Either is acceptable: Dual-task effects, attention changing based on task demands/individual differences
What is your teacher studying in her PhD research?
Learning strategies (elaboration/self-explanation, retrieval practice)
A name for the specific explicit memory effect in which memories are more easily accessible if a person's internal state at encoding matches their internal state at retrieval.
State-dependent memory