Famous Names
Which of the following believed that the human mind is born "empty" or a tabula rasa.
A. Sigmund Freud
B. Thomas Reid
C. John Locke
D. Hermann von Helmholtz
C. John Locke
Which of the following brain processes is not a function of the cerebral cortex?
A. breathing
B. emotion
C. memory
D. reasoning
A. breathing
A negative correlation means ________.
A. a third variable eliminates a correlational relationship
B. one variable decreases as the other increases
C. there is a relationship between two variables, but it is not statistically significant
D. two variables increase together, but they are associated with an undesirable outcome
B. one variable decreases as the other increases
Samek was driving to work when he suddenly felt paralyzed and couldn’t resist falling asleep. Samek may have ________.
A. somnambulism
B. damage to his K-complex
C. narcolepsy
D. REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD)
C. narcolepsy
Psychology refers to the ________.
A. empirical study of humanity
B. experimental study of individuals
C. scientific study of the mind and behavior.
D. systematic study of human interaction
C. scientific study of the mind and behavior.
Which individual wrote Principles of Physiological Psychology and is credited with establishing a scientific laboratory of Psychology at the University of Leipzig?
A. Wolfgang Köhler
B. Sigmund Freud
C. Wilhelm Wundt
D. William James
C. Wilhelm Wundt
The space between two neurons is called the ________.
A. soma
B. synapse
C. terminal button
D. vesicle
B. synapse
A group of preschool-age children are enrolled in a study that plans to follow them over time in order to assess behaviors and other characteristics that may predict later development of schizophrenia. This is an example of a(n) ________ design.
A. cross sectional
B. experimental
C. longitudinal
D. survey
C. longitudinal
Mohammed is sleeping. His eyelids are quivering because his eyes are darting around. Mohammed is probably experiencing ________ sleep.
A. night terrors
B. non-REM
C. NREM
D. REM
D. REM
A(n) ________ , also known as an operant chamber, is an instrument that isolates an animal from the external environment and allows a researcher to control that animal’s rewards and punishments
A. Gestalt room
B. isolation chamber
C. Skinner box
D. Watson manipulator
C. Skinner box
Which of the following theorists is regarded as the most famous advocate of the importance of the unconscious?
A. John Watson
B. Sigmund Freud
C. Mary Whiton Calkins
D. John Locke
B. Sigmund Freud
________ asserts that our genes set the boundaries within which we can operate, and our environment interacts with our genes to determine where within those boundaries we will fall.
A. behavioral genetics
B. environmental psychology
C. evolutionary psychology
D. range of reaction
D. range of reaction
In a ________ study, both the researchers and the participants are unaware of the group assignments.
A. control
B. double-blind
C. pilot
D. randomly assigned
B. double-blind
In Freud’s model of dreams, the hidden meaning of a dream is called the ________ content.
A. ego-driven
B. preconscious
C. latent
D. manifest
C. latent
Introspection refers to a process by which someone examines ________ as objectively as possible.
A. another person’s consciousness
B. their own conscious experience
C. their own unconscious wishes
D. the social construction of consciousness
B. their own conscious experience
For which concept is Abraham Maslow best known?
A. Classical conditioning of non-human animals
B. Dream analysis for the latent and manifest content of a dream
C. Proposing a hierarchy of human needs in motivating behavior
D. Studying the influence of reinforcement and punishment on behavior
C. Proposing a hierarchy of human needs in motivating behavior
Wendy’s mother has blue eyes and her father has brown eyes. The allele for brown eye color is dominant (B) to the allele for blue eye color (b), but Wendy has blue eyes. Therefore, Wendy’s ________ must be ________ and her father’s must be Bb.
A. genotype; Bb
B. genotype; bb
C. phenotype; Bb
D. phenotype; bb
B. genotype; bb
Dr. Guttierez is examining a research question and has posted a hypothesis, but his student points out, “Dr. G., the assumption that you have made cannot be disproven no matter what data we gather!” This research study suffers from an absence of ________.
A. operational definition
B. falsifiability
C. circularity
D. alternate explanations
B. falsifiability
Cocaine is considered a ________ drug because it tends to increase overall levels of neural activity.
A. antipsychotic
B. depressant
C. hallucinogen
D. stimulant
D. stimulant
Behaviorism focuses on making psychology an objective science by ________.
A. studying how emotional responses influence behavior while deemphasizing the importance of the subconscious
B. studying implicit motivations for behavior through the use of implicit association tests
C. studying overt behavior and deemphasizing the importance of unobservable mental processes
D. studying the genetic basis for behavior and theorizing how instincts influence behavior
C. studying overt behavior and deemphasizing the importance of unobservable mental processes
Which psychodynamic theorist proposed the idea of a collective unconscious that is shared by all members of the human species?
A. Carl Jung
B. John Hobson
C. Rosalind Cartwright
D. Sigmund Freud
A. Carl Jung
The somatosensory cortex is responsible for processing ________.
A. cognition and emotion
B. language, such as speech
C. motor information to body areas, such as arms, legs, and face
D. temperature, touch, and pain
D. temperature, touch, and pain
Which correlation coefficient best represents a moderate relationship showing fewer anxiety symptoms in people who report higher life satisfaction?
A. –0.53
B. –0.21
C. +0.13
D. +0.78
A. –0.53
Individuals undergoing hypnosis ________.
A. can be coerced into harming themselves and others by a skilled hypnotist
B. report no memory of the events that occurred during the period they were hypnotized
C. usually do not have clear memories of the hypnotic experience and are not in control of their own behaviors
D. usually have clear memories of the hypnotic experience and are in control of their own behaviors
D. usually have clear memories of the hypnotic experience and are in control of their own behaviors
Victoria has accumulated a large sleep debt. This means that she ________.
A. falls asleep in the middle of the day
B. sleeps more than 12 hours in a 24-hour period
C. suffers from chronic sleep deprivation
D. suffers from insomnia due to large amounts of debt
C. suffers from chronic sleep deprivation