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Exam 1 & 2 Recap
Exam 3 Recap
Learning
Memory
Mystery
100
The three main parts of a neuron are ___, ____, and ____.
What is soma (cell body), axon, dendrites.
100
Sensation is ______, while perception is _______.
What is physiological; psychological.
100
______ occurs when you suddenly find a solution after you have stopped thinking about it (such as while you are sleeping).
What is insight.
100
_____ is a technique we use to remember long sequences of information.
What is chunking.
100
______ occurs when you learn material in class and then demonstrate your learning later.
What is latent learning.
200
Which of the following represents the strongest correlation: .25, .77, -.62, or -.80.
What is -.80.
200
______ cells in the eye respond to color. They are primarily located in the _____.
What is cone; fovea.
200
_____ is the removal of a negative stimuli. ______ is the removal of a positive stimuli.
What is negative reinforcement; negative punishment.
200
____ appears to be the "Magic number" for memory.
What is 7 (+ or - 2)
200
Reinforcement generally ________'s behavior, while punishment generally ________'s behavior.
What is strengthens; weakens.
300
______ and _______ make up the central nervous system.
What is the brain and spinal cord.
300
_____, ____, and ____ are three types of perceptual constancy.
What is size, shape and color.
300
Young Albert is initially not afraid of white rats but if white rats and loud noises are presented in sequence, Albert may learn to fear rats. In this example white rats would be the _______.
What is conditioned stimulus.
300
A _____is a learning aid that helps you remember.
What is a mnemonic device.
300
When ________ is damaged the individual will experience defects in speech production.
What is Broca's area
400
The _______ ________ is the variable that the experimenter manipulates.
What is independent variable.
400
Alcohol is commonly thought of as a ______ when in reality it is a ______.
What is stimulant; depressant.
400
"Learning controlled by the consequences of the organism's behavior" is the definition of ______________.
What is operant conditioning.
400
Describe the 3 stages of memory.
What is: Encoding – getting information into memory Storage – keeping information in memory from a few seconds to a lifetime Retrieval – reactivation or reconstruction of information from memory
400
Involuntary muscles are controlled by the _____ nervous system.
What is autonomic.
500
Motor responses of the body are initiated by the __________, located in the ___________ lobe.
What is the primary motor area; frontal
500
Describe the 5 stages of sleep.
Stage 1 = Just barely asleep, theta waves Stage 2 = brain slows down, theta waves with sleep spindles and k-complexes Stage 3 & 4 = deeper sleep, delta waves (more delta waves in stage 4) Stage 5 (REM sleep) = brain is active, body is inactive, dreams and rapid eye movement.
500
____, ____, ____, and ____ are the 4 elements of classical conditioning. Give an example of each.
What is Unconditioned stimulus - food Any stimulus which naturally elicits a specific response Unconditioned response - salivation Usually a reflex or emotional response Conditioned stimulus - bell Stimulus which acquires the ability to elicit a response Conditioned response - salivation “Automatic,” learned reaction to the CS after conditioning
500
Describe the 3 memory systems.
What is Sensory memory – stores a lot of information for a very short amount of time Short-term memory – can only hold a limited amount of info for a brief amount of time without rehearsal Long-term memory- permanent memory system
500
Describe the 4 reinforcement schedules discussed in the text.
What is Fixed interval - reinforce after fixed amount of time (paycheck) Fixed ratio - reinforce after fixed number of responses (piece work) Variable interval - reinforce after variable amount of time (pop quiz) Variable ratio - reinforce after variable number of responses (slot machines)