Ch. 4 Memory
The typical outcome of a free-recall procedure
(Primacy Effect or Recency Effect)
What is the "Serial Position Effect?"
Seeing a familiar face but being unable to retrieve their name
What is the "Tip-of-tongue phenomenon (TOT)?"
Combining features of different events into a unified memory
*Remembers the gist of an event rather than the details
What is "Integration?"
The best or most typical member of a category is called this
What is a "Prototype?"
When questions contain misleading information, memory may be distorted leading to this effect
The brief persistence of sensory memory in version
AND
Auditory system storing sensations briefly
What is "iconic and echoic memory?"
This type of rehearsal results in the best long-term encoding
*Connects new information with what already is known, making it meaningful*
What is "Elaborative Rehearsal?"
Schemas shape events that are retrieved from here
What is "Long-Term Memory?"
Feature comparison models of semantic memory distinguish between these two features
What are "Characteristic Features" and "Defining Features?"
BONUS: 200 Per Definition
This age group is highly susceptible to memory implantation
Who are "Children?" (Due to suggestibility)
How long meaningless information lasts in the STM
"10-30 seconds" or "Forgetting Curve"
*Bonus Points for Milner 1956 - Capacity limitation of 4 most recent chunks
Provides a 2nd code (visual and verbal); imagery makes event more distinct
*Encoding and Retrieval method
What is a "Mnemonic Method?" (or Device)
Events that give personal meaning
(May be inaccurate, three levels of retrieval cues)
What are "Autobiographical Memories?"
The difference between subordinate and superordinate levels
What is "Specific" (Robin) vs. "General" (Animal)
BONUS: 300 Per Definition OR "Close Enough" Answer
Remembering events (blank) vs. Knowing facts/concepts (blank)
What is "Episodic Memory" vs. "Semantic Memory?"
The memory search that would take the longest
What is "Serial Exhaustive Search?"
Recycles information within STM and Working Memory by covertly verbalizing it
What is "Maintenance Rehearsal?"
"Evaluative Processes" that attribute mental experiences to either external (perceived) or internal (thought, imagined, or dreamed) sources
What is "Source Monitoring?"
Category Size Effect fits into this stage of processing
What is "Stage 1 (Processing)?"
*Stage 2 processing would ONLY be needed for LARGE categories
BONUS: 400 for Conceptualizing
This type of coding produces poor memory
What is "No One Knows, No One Will Ever Know, Life is Meaningless, Why Bother?"
This provides valuable insight into the functioning of STM and LTM, i.e. primacy effect and recency effect
What is the "Serial Position Curve?"
This type of memory is not accessible to conscious reflection
Ex. Running, riding bike (motor skills); reading or appreciating visual arts (perceptual skills)
What is "Procedural Memory?" (Implicit Memory)
This "word" leads Sx to provide higher judgments of speeds when the "word" was included in the question?
What is "Smashed?"
*Contacted vs. Hit vs. Bumped vs. Collided vs. Smashed*
This approach is based on a novel kind of dictionary
(2 Definitions Within)
What is a "Wordnet" and "Synset?"
BONUS: 500 Per Definition OR Defining 1 (1500 Cap)
Wordnet - Semantic relations among words
Synset - Set of synonyms for each word
In Baddeley's working memory model, this component carries out complex mental tasks
What is the "Central Executive" component?