Treatment 1
What is an antecedent
Something that comes before
What is an apparently irrelevant decision
Small seemingly minor thoughts and actions that increase risk of lapse
What is compulsive behavior
stereotyped behavior carried out to alleviate negative affect
Which behavioral addiction(s) is/are diagnosable in the DSM-5?
Gambling disorder
What is a false positive?
Saying a disorder is present when it is not
What is cognitive defusion?
An ACT technique that helps an individual separate from their thoughts and emotions
What are two (of the many) components of AA?
Slogans - “you’re as sick as your secrets”
Getting active - meetings, peers, sponsor
Abstinence
Exposure - sharing one's experiences
What is an antecedent leading individuals with kleptomania to engage in stealing behavior?
What is one critique of behavioral addictions?
The research is a priori
The etiological and maintaining mechanisms are not fully elucidated
Wary of overpathologizing
What is one effective prevention strategy?
social skills training
Which therapeutic approach emphasizes reflective listening?
Motivational Interviewing
What is one pharmacological treatment for substance use disorders?
Agonist or substitution therapy – gives some similar effect of the drug
Antagonist therapy – opposite effect
Punishment – e.g., makes you sick when you drink
What is psychological dependence
the rewarding properties (emotional, mental, psychological) of drug use/behaviors are a driving force in addiction
What are three shared symptoms in substance and behavioral addictions?
Withdrawal
Tolerance
Use despite problems
Giving up important obligations
What is a precipitating factor?
a specific event or trigger to the onset of the current problem
What are three tools utilized in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy?
Identifying cognitive distortions
Cognitive restructuring
Exposure
Coping skills; breathing exercises
Journaling; tracking thoughts and behaviors
What are three motivational interviewing tools?
Develop discrepancy
Express empathy
Roll with resistance
Envision
Avoid classically conditioned stimuli
Provide an example of both positive and negative reinforcement
Adding a desired stimulus after a behavior and removing an undersired stimulus after a behavior to increase the behaviors occurrence
What are three factors we must consider when considering whether an individual's behavior is a diagnosable mental health condition?
Distress
Impairment
Culturally expected
What is a differential diagnosis?
a method of analyzing a client's history/presenting problems/maintaining mechanisms/etc. to ensure arrival at the correct diagnosis
What is the difference between primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention strategies?
primary = before it happens (never used the drug)
secondary = before its a serious problem (those who have tried drugs)
tertiary = prevent from worsening in those with a severe problem (those with a SUD)
How effective is DARE? What are two reasons why it works/doesn't work?
Minimal impact at best on drug use
Uses scare tactics - doesn't work well!
The goals are not well aligned with a decrease in problematic drug use
Poor research
Why is exercise addiction conceptualized as going beyond impulsive and compulsive behavior?
Choose to exercise despite knowing the negative consequences
Exercise to alleviate negative affect or gain positive affect
What is one critique against the conceptualization and creation of a formal diagnosis of food addiction?
We don't know exactly which foods have addictive potential
Overlap with BED, an existing eating disorder
What are the 5 stages of Motivational Interviewing, in order
precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance