TRA & TPB
What are the four constructs that define behavior in the TRA and TPB model?
Attitudes, Subjective norm, behavioral intention, perceived behavioral control
What are the key constructs within the Health Belief Model?
perceived threat, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy
What makes up the Self-Determination Theory?
Human Motivation, Personality, and Social Context
What does the Transtheoretical Model focus on?
the individual and how they change behaviors
Provide an example of a subjective norm
A friend/family member/ sig other has an influence on your behavior
What is the best predictor of behavior in the TRA and TPB model?
Intention
Is there a linear or nonlinear relationship between using the MAU model instruments to adequately account for subjective well-being?
nonlinear
What are the three basic psychological needs?
Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness
What are the 6 stages of change?
1. Precontemplation
2. Contemplation
3. Preparation
4. Action
5. Maintenance
6. Termination
Provide an example of the Transtheoretical Model in practice
buying running shoes is an example of the preparation stage
Give one example of a limitation from the TRA and TPB model?
Relying on self reports, assumes behavior is voluntary and consciously analyzed, or can't explain irrational or impulsive behavior
What is the MAU model and what are the 3 components?
The MAU model indicates that people make judgments and decisions based on multiple consequences, which can be used to examine a variety of health risk behavior
subject value, subjective probability, momentary salience
What is the difference between Intrinsic and Extrinsic motivation?
Intrinsic motivation is powered by internal motivation. The reason for a change in behavior is for the self’s well-being and our need for autonomy/competence.
Extrinsic motivation is an external motivation that is driven through rewards.
Give an example that can aid in the process of change
learning facts, realizing that environment can play a role, social support, rewarding healthy behaviors, consequence for bad behaviors, removing reminders in environment, etc.
Describe how personality factors affect one’s self-motivation to practice certain behaviors
Someone with an open personality will want to be strong and healthy for their family thus motivating them to implement a healthy diet and more frequent physical exercise
Fill in the blank:
Providing mothers with knowledge, skills, and social support on healthy eating is most useful in increasing mothers ________ [6]?
a) subj norm
b) attitude
c) intension
d) self-efficacy
d) self-efficacy
In a study predicting vaccination status, the HBM was used to determine the likelihood of an individual being fully vaccinated. Which of these are the greatest contributing factors in determining vaccination status?
a) perceived susceptibility
b) perceived benefits
c) perceived barriers
d) Both a and b
e) Both a and c
e) Both a and c
How can an Extrinsic motivation be turned into an intrinsic motivation?
Through the Four-Tier process. Becoming self-aware of the meaning behind the rewards.
What could be a possible benefit of providing smokers in the precontemplation stage with stage-based interventions [1]?
Conventional smoking interventions are only relevant to smokers in the preparation stage. Stage-based interventions could promote movement closer to quitting smoking.
Leaders and role models are found all throughout the medical field. They are presented to us as Physicians, Nurses, Psychologists, etc. Which of the 4 mini theories of the Self Determination Theory discussed in class would be the best intervention tactic when motivating individuals to practice healthy behaviors? [3]
Cognitive Evaluation theory because it helps us focus on ourselves and our personal achievements.
OR
Basic Needs Theory because it focuses on the importance of what are our priorities instead of our privileges.
From a study, the question “healthy foods are enjoyable for my child” was used to analyze what concept of the TRA model [6]?
a) Attitudes
b) Subjective norm
c) Behavioral intention
d) Perceived behavioral control
a) Attitudes
Regardless of the conspiracy belief type, in predicting the future behavior of booster willingness, which of the following would be a consistent mediator?
a) Perceived benefits
b) Perceived susceptibility
c) Perceived severity
d) Self-efficacy
c) Perceived severity
Students with learning disabilities find it difficult to stay consistent with their education. Is it best for them to foster an extrinsic or intrinsic motivation? Why?
Intrinsic motivation is proved to have the best results in self-motivation. This is especially true for students with learning disabilities due to their potential poor self-esteem and/or lack of confidence in their abilities.
What kind of materials would you give a person in the preparation stage vs. a person in the maintenance stage of quitting smoking [1]?
Preparation materials could describe steps on how to stop smoking.
Maintenance materials could describe ways to gain support, through new activities, support groups, etc
Provide an example of perceived susceptibility
Belief on how likely or how vulnerable you are to getting a disease or condition
Example:
Does breast cancer run in your family? Do I need to get a mammogram