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Attention
Language
More on Language Disorders
More Practice for YOU!
100
Where is the "What" pathway (i.e., spatial vision) of attention located, and where is the "Where" pathway (i.e., object recognition) of attention located?
What is "What" = temporal lobe and "Where" = parietal lobe.
100
What's the importance of Broca's area and where is it located?
What is Broca's area is important for language, particularly the expression or articulation of language, and it's located on the ventral portion of the frontal lobe, just dorsal to the temporal lobe.
100
What are the two most common types of primary aphasia, and what are their typical effects on language?
What is Broca's aphasia - associated with difficulties in expressing/articulating (output) language and Wernicke's aphasia - associated with difficulties in comprehending (receiving) language.
100
True or False: You can read language if you have Pure Word Deafness.
What is TRUE.
200
In the experiments with macaque monkeys, did parietal cell response increase during simple fixation or foveal fixation? Why?
What is parietal cell response increased during foveal fixation because the monkeys were required to pay attention to the stimulus (doesn't increase simply when stimulus is present).
200
What is the purpose of Wernicke's area, where is it located, and how is it connected to Broca's area?
What is Wernicke's area is most responsible for the comprehension of language; it is located just dorsal and posterior to the temporal lobe; it's connected to Broca's area through the arcuate fasciculus (a bundle of axons).
200
What type of aphasia is characterized as a disconnection between Broca's area and Wernicke's area?
What is conduction aphasia.
200
What term is used to describe the inability to name objects?
What is anomia.
300
Which areas of the brain are responsible for attention to color, shape, and motion?
What is color = V4, shape = temporal lobe, and motion = MT.
300
What is aphasia?
What is aphasia is a broad term to describe several language disorders resulting from damage to a variety of locations in the brain (e.g., Broca's area, Wernicke's area, arcuate fasciculus).
300
Is transcortical motor aphasia considered a primary or secondary aphasia?
What is secondary.
300
If there's damage in Broca's area, what types of words are you likely loose first?
What is verbs (i.e., action words).
400
What is hemispatial neglect syndrome, and what happens when you have it?
What is the failure to process or perceive stimuli on one side of the body (often the left, due to damage to the right parietal lobe) - if you have it, you cannot dedicate attention (i.e., perceive or express) to things on one side of your vision field.
400
What are the two principal categories of aphasia, and what's the difference between the two?
What is primary and secondary aphasia. Primary aphasia results from damage to parts of the brain that are directly related to language comprehension and articulation (e.g., Broca's or Wernicke's areas) where are secondary aphasia results from damage to parts of the brain distally associated with language (e.g., pre-central gyrus).
400
True or False: Damage to the middle central artery can cause problems in almost all processing centers for language.
What is TRUE.
400
What are the 3 principal types of attention?
What is passive, selective, and divided.
500
What is the name of the syndrome that refers to symptoms associated with inability to see the entire visual field or attention devoted to one object at a time?
What is Balint's.
500
What is the Connectionist Model and why has it been criticized?
What is the Connectionist Model suggests that specific parts of the brain are responsible for specific language functions; thus, damage each part of the brain will have specific outcomes for language. Additionally, damage to earlier portions of language chain (e.g., acquisition/perception, comprehension, or expression) will lead to deficits in later parts of the chain. It has been criticized as too simplistic and too localizationist.
500
Pure word deafness results from disconnection between the left hemisphere and what important part(s) of the brain.
What is primary auditory cortex and thalamus.
500
Why is damage to the left hemisphere less likely to cause right hemispatial neglect?
What is processing for the right field of vision often takes place in both hemispheres (more processing coverage of right field of vision). (ALSO: Remember studies on right vs left handed individuals.)