Brain and Behavior
The amygdala is associated with this emotion.
The smallest unit of sound.
Phoneme
The number of universal emotions, according to Ekman.
Six
This type of motivation comes from doing something because you enjoy it, like playing guitar for fun.
Intrinsic motivation
This color-word task demonstrates how difficult it is to suppress language while doing another task.
Stroop task
The body's thermostat.
Hypothalamus
The ability to embed a category inside another of the same type.
Recursion
The more effective method of emotional regulation.
Cognitive reappraisal
Involves some internal tension and motivated behaviors to help reduce or escape the tension.
Drive-reduction
A factor that seems to drive the degree of overlap between L1 and L2 in bilingual brains.
Proficiency
The region of our brain involved in our ability to structure language.
Broca's area
Used to express grammar in American Sign Language.
Facial expressions
Sighted and congenital blind people express emotions differently in this scenario.
Acting/posing
In this framework, people are more likely to share content they perceive as being relevant to themselves or others around them.
Value-based
This cognitive advantage is often (though controversially) associated with bilingualism and includes better task switching and attention control.
The bilingual advantage
Activation of this brain area is associated with both physical and mental pain.
Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC)
This phenomenon reveals counterevidence to the idea that language is purely arbitrary.
Bouba/kiki effect
In a study, participants who used suppression had memory problems just as bad as people who did this during the study.
Not pay attention
A child who focuses on learning and improving rather than performing adopts this strategy.
Mastery
Priming of sentence structures across languages reveal evidence of this shared linguistic feature.
Syntax
The nucleus accumbens is associated with this.
Reward anticipation
The type of ambiguity in the sentence “One morning I shot an elephant in my pajamas.”
Global ambiguity
These explain wny American and Japanese participants watching surgical films produced different expressions while being watched but the same expressions when alone.
Display rules
Maslow’s Hierarchy says you can only reach this highest level of need after lower needs are met.
Self-actualization
When a distractor word is phonologically similar to the picture name in one language, causing disruptions in another language. (e.g., doll and dog).
Phonotranslation effect