Random Samples
a bell curve shaped statistical graph
what is a normal distribution
the average of all scores
What is the mean
Why do we have to Square how far away values are from the mean
what is to avoid a mean difference of zero
the variables that are different between the two groups
What is the independent variable
in an experimental design a pre-determined group that cannot be assigned eg adult v child, country of birth
what is self-selection
randomly selected values from the hypothetical population
What is a random sample
the difference between the means of the two groups
What is the mean difference
The square root of the variance
what is standard deviation
What is the variable being measured
What is the dependent variable
a study design with randomly allocated participants
What is experimental design
Infinite number of possible values – (hypothetical)
What is population
the average deviation (or dispersion) of the sample
What is the standard deviation
p<0.05 vs p>0.05
what is significant vs not significant
In a population in which the null hypothesis is true what is the mean difference
zero
experimental design where participants are not randomly allocated to a group
what is pseudo-experimental design
The probability of the real mean difference (or a more extreme value) in that sampling distribution
what is the p value
individual difference of each score from the mean, squared & then summed
What is the sum of squares
Cat
What is Precious
If the p value is less extreme than the alpha level (pre-established significance level) do we reject the null hypothesis?
What is NO!
alpha level 0.05
p=0.19
what is not significant
a one directional effect of one variable on another
What is a causal model
the average minus 1 of the squared differences to the mean
what is the variance
we reject the idea that the random sample comes from the population in which the null hypothesis is true: we reject the null hypothesis.
If the p value is more extreme than the alpha level (pre-established significance level) do we accept or reject the null hypothesis
reject the null hypothesis (clue NEVER ACCEPT)
alpha level 0.05
p=-0.0019
What is Significant