History of Psychology
Psychologists use the ____ to acquire knowledge.
Scientific Method
Which psychological domain would include a study of perception, cognition, memory, and intelligence?
Cognitive
Individuals with this doctoral degree focusing more on research would have various employment opportunities and options.
PhD
A testable prediction.
Hypothesis
Correlation does NOT equal ____
Causation
Validity measures what?
Data accuracy
True or False, Peripheral route persuasion uses cues like positive emotions and celebrity endorsements
True
True or false: Looking at a picture of a romantic partner is more effective for pain reduction than holding a partner's hand.
False
Repeated negative treatment of a person over time.
Bullying
The first modern psychologist who introduced the idea of Structuralism.
Wilhelm Wundt
What field of psychology studies patterns of thoughts and behaviors that make each individual unique?
Personality psychology
A Doctor of ___ Degree focuses on the application of psychological principles in clinical practices.
Psychology
What is the 1st step of the Scientific Method?
Making an observation
Case studies, Surveys, and Naturalistic Observation are all what kind of research?
Descriptive Research
Reliability measures what?
Consistency
_____ describes our evaluations of people, objects, and ideas.
Attitudes
Social _______ is a term that describes less individual contribution when efforts are pooled (e.g. group project).
Loafing
___________ is an attitude or feeling towards an individual (often negative) based only on their membership to a particular group.
Prejudice
Which branch of psychology best explains Skinner's Box experiment?
Behaviorism
What field of psychology focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior?
Clinical psychology
This allows young scientists who recently finished their doctorate to further develop their research programs and broaden their research skills under the supervision of other professionals in the field.
Postdoctoral training program
A well-developed set of ideas that propose an explanation for observed phenomena that can be used to make predictions about future observations.
Theory
Experiments manipulate what?
Variables
What do p-values determine?
Statistical Significance
In what persuasion technique would you try to get someone to agree to a small favor and then later request a bigger favor
Foot-in-the-door technique
What type of social influence is associated with conforming to group norms?
Normative social influence; normative influence; normative all acceptable
What term describes the phenomenon of acting according to how one is treated?
Self-fulfilling prophecy
The conscious part of a person's mind that reflects morals and social standards learned from figures of authority.
Superego
What field of psychology seeks to understand human behavior as the result of psychological adaptation and natural selection?
Evolutionary psychology
A ____ is a extensive research paper that is conducted as a part of the candidate's doctoral training?
Dissertation
What are the other key factors in the scientific method? (Name at least 2)
Fairness, Falsifiability, Predictability, Verifiability
What type of research uses hypothesis testing to determine if one variable directly impacts and causes another?
Experimental Research
Putting data into a distribution is one of many ways in science we use to visualize and organize our findings (Hint: This is a type of statistical thinking.)
Distributional Thinking
In order for central route persuasion to work, the audience must be ____ and _____
Analytical and motivated
Milgram is to obedience, as Asch is to __________.
Conformity
Cognitive is to stereotypes as behavioral is to __________.
Discrimination
Name the levels of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, in order from bottom to top.
Physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization
What subfield of psychology might a person who works in human resources specialize in?
Industrial-Organization (IO) Psychology
What doctoral degree do you need if you want to be a psychiatrist?
A doctor of medicine degree (MD)
What can we do with a hypothesis after completing an experiment?
Reject or Accept the hypothesis
Give 1 reason why replication is important.
Allows us to remain skeptical, provides secondary evidence, maintains critical thinking
What's the problem with relying on p-values to determine statistical significance?
Can be used to report the low probability of error in research, but there is still a chance there was error in the research
Steve feels passionate about environmental justice, he donates to and supports organizations that protect the environment and votes for politicians who support environmental justice. What component of attitude does this represent?
Behavioral
What motivation for helping others is acknowledged to have strong evolutionary roots, as it increases everyone's chances of survival?
Reciporacal altruism
Blaming the outgroup when the ingroup experiences frustration.
Scapegoating