History
Hippocrates believed that imbalances in these led to problems.
What are humors?
This was the UCS in Pavlov's study.
What is food?
Twin studies compare concordance rates between these two groups of people.
What are MZ and DZ twins?
These two psychometric properties are the foundation of any good assessment instrument.
What are reliability and validity?
Losing sensation or movement in a part of one's body was a primary symptom in those diagnosed with this early problem.
What is hysteria?
Learning behaviors or emotional responses without directly experiencing an event is an example of this.
What is observational learning (or modeling or vicarious conditioning)?
In this group research design, variables are measured but not manipulated.
What is a correlational study?
Clinicians working from this orientation would be the most likely to include a Rorschach or other projective test in their assessments.
What is psychodynamic (or psychoanalytic)?
The Canon of Medicine, to this day one of the most influential medical texts ever, was written by this Islamic philosopher/physician.
Who is Avicenna?
Bringing unconscious conflicts to light is the focus of this therapeutic perspective.
What is psychoanalytic (or psychodynamic)?
This kind of study can be used to generate hypotheses, and to disprove hypotheses, but not to prove hypotheses.
What is a case study?
Assessments used for this purpose would be the most likely to have a high false positive rate.
What is screening?
This physician initially attributed hysteria to a brain defect, but changed his views upon seeing contradictory data.
Who is Charcot?
This perspective views problems as arising from interpretations of events rather than from the events themselves.
What is cognitive?
Making sure to define one's terms in detail is an example of this hallmark of science.
What is operationalization?
Asking someone to rate how anxious they felt as they moved closer and closer to a feared stimulus is an example of this type of assessment.
What is a behavioral avoidance test?
Asylum care was drastically changed when people such as Pinel, Pussin, Tuke, and others advocated this different approach, which focused on providing an environment of kindness and occupation and calm.
What is moral treatment?
This perspective focuses on examining the context in which a person lives and the various factors in that context, such as gender and ethnicity, that may have an impact.
What is sociocultural?
Multiple baseline and reversal designs are examples of this type of research.
What are single-subject designs?
This refers to having multiple disorders at the same time.
What is comorbidity?