Neuroanatomy
What is Temporal Lobes
This is the second most common dementia overall, and was made more known in the media after Robin Williams' death
What is Lewy Body dementia
Define: Education Level versus years of education completed.
"Edu Level" is used to NORM data, and is the degree rank of education completed, often defined by: 12 (hs), 14 (aa), 16 (bachelor) 18 (master) or 20 (doc)
This domain is affected when the patient is slowed down when responding or making decisions, and can be tested by the WAIS-IV Coding and Symbol Search
What is Processing Speed
Name two forms of brain imaging that could help in the diagnosis of TBI
Any of: fMRI, MRI, CT, DTI, SWI, MRS, SPECT, PET
These axon bundles carry communication from one area of a hemisphere to another in the SAME hemisphere (no cross-over)
What are Association fibers
This dementia is the 2nd most common in adults under age 65 and can onset as early as age 40
What is Fronto-Temporal dementia
Impaired test results in domains of judgment, inhibition, abstract reasoning, complex attention, and verbal fluency could signal damage is in this major lobe of the brain
What is the Frontal Lobe
This domain is often associated with the temporal lobes, and is impaired when the hippocampi are damaged
What is Memory and Learning
The term for loss of ability to form new memories right after a TBI
What is Posttraumatic Amnesia or Anterograde Amnesia
Which hemorrhage has the best prognosis for recovery?
Epidural / Subdural /Subarachnoid
Epidural
Of these options, which has the most rapid pace of cognitive DECLINE?
Alzheimer's, Lewy Body, Fronto-Temporal
What is Lewy Body dementia
The term for the level of mental functioning/abilities a patient had BEFORE a specific brain injury occurred
What is Pre-morbid or Baseline level of functioning
This domain is often associated with the frontal lobes, and is very multifaceted, including most brain functions required for ADLs and 'adulting'
What is Executive Functioning
This diagnosis is common after a mild TBI and can include symptoms of fatigue, sensitivity to light, headache, mental fog, slowed thinking speed, and memory loss
What is Postconcussion Syndrome
A growing tumor among this structure of the diencephalon can ultimately lead to loss of peripheral vision
What is the Pituitary
This variant of fronto-temporal dementia has greater atrophy in the temporal lobes, and mostly involves impaired comprehension.
What is Semantic Variant
Describe: Why would it be important to test a domain more than once such as during a comprehensive evaluation?
To reduce the likelihood of false positive identification of an impairment, or to not over-interpret a low score
This domain is impaired when a patient cannot find their keys, find their car in a lot, see patterns in pictures, or draw
What is Visual-Spatial processing
Name two symptoms from a subarachnoid hemorrhage affecting the PARIETAL lobes
Any of: Spatial navigation, language comprehension, impaired sensory/touch perception, right-left confusion, body perception deficits, spatial neglect, poor construction skills
This brain area of the TECTUM looks like two hills on the posterior surface of the midbrain, and primarily processes information about VISION
What is Superior Colliculi
This dementia requires evidence on imaging of more than one infarct/stroke. Cognitive decline can be step-wise after the stroke(s)
What is Vascular Neurocognitive Disorder or 'Vascular dementia'
You should do this if your patient's ethnoracial and social history are not represented in the test manual's norm bank
What is try and locate culturally sensitive norms within peer-reviewed research
Deficits in attention can often lead to a patient believing they have deficits in this other domain
What is Memory
Name 3 symptoms common in BOTH PTSD and Postconcussion Syndrome, making the differential diagnosis at times challenging
Any of: insomnia, memory loss, inattention, low concentration, irritability, mood swings, fatigue