Dev Themes & Methods
Jay is a 70-year-old man who retired last week after abruptly quitting his job. In this scenario, is Jay more likely displaying continuous or discontinuous development? Why?
Discontinuous - the change is sudden, and there is a qualitative shift (working -> retired)
A toddler sees a tennis ball and realizes its the same shape as a baseball, so they classify both as "balls". In this example, the toddler is using ____ to resolve their state of disequilibrium.
Assimilation
Which war inspired many famous studies in social psychology, including Milgram's obedience study?
World War II
The Implicit Association Test is used to measure ___.
Implicit prejudice
When teachers break down a semester-long project so that you can achieve optimal success, they are meeting you in your ____.
Zone of Proximal Development
Dr. Algebra wants to study how children's math knowledge changes over time. To do so, she compares counting skills in a group of 2-year-olds to a group of 3-year-olds. Here, Dr. Algebra is using a ___ developmental study design.
Cross-sectional
10-month-old Tommy has two identical toy boxes. Usually, his mom puts his favorite car in the box on the right, but today she accidentally put it on the left. When Tommy goes looking for it in the original box, he is upset and refuses to look elsewhere. What error is Tommy committing, according to Piaget?
A-not-B error
Louise is at a party with her friends, when she decides to smoke weed. After getting caught her mom asks her why she did it, and Louise said, "Because everyone else was doing it." Louise's answer is an example of ____.
Conformity
Two 65-year-old women are visiting their doctor for an aging-wellness check-up, and both take memory tests. Mae completes a questionnaire asking about her age and reminding her of the purpose of the visit before she completes the memory test, while Sheila completes it afterward. Who is more likely to perform worse on the memory test? Why?
Mae - may be experiencing stereotype threat
The Heinz Dilemma is an example of a ____.
Moral dilemma
What is the visual cliff?
A paradigm where infants are placed on a plexiglass table that appears to have both a shallow and deep side. Researchers use it to assess when infants are likely to crawl or walk across the edge, and it has shown us the relationship between perception and action.
5-year-old Camila sees two rows of coins, each of which has 4 quarters. After agreeing that the rows are equal, her mom spreads out one of the rows. Now, Camila says that the row that is stretched out has more quarters. Why?
She is displaying centration, which is causing her to struggle to conserve number
Who would be more likely to conform to a group answer in Asch's line study: Olaf, who is first in line when reporting answers, or Sven, who is 5th in line when reporting answers?
Sven
When you are shopping at Hy-Vee, the grocer meets you with an unhelpful smile and a grumpy attitude. You conclude that she is an unkind, unhelpful person. Your conclusion is an example of the ____.
Fundamental Attribution Error
A student asks a professor for a 50-point extra credit project. When the professor refuses, the student asks for 10-point project instead. The professor agrees, so the student's use of the _____ technique was successful.
Door-in-the-face
During pregnancy, the embryonic stage is a period of time when organs and limbs are rapidly developing. In this stage, the developing structures are especially susceptible to outside influences. This stage provides an example of a ____.
Sensitive period
Formal Operational
Zimbardo's Prison Experiment showed the power of ____ in conformity.
Social roles
What is the difference between explicit and implicit prejudice?
Explicit - named, you are aware of it; implicit - not always named, may not be aware you have it
For Harry Harlow, infant rhesus monkeys spent more time with the ___ mother than the ___ mother.
When do most infants walk alone (take their first steps)?
12 months (1 year of age)
Arlo is completing the strange situation task with this mom. When his mom leaves the room, Arlo doesn't really notice, and when she comes back, he fails to greet her and instead to continues to play with the toys. Arlo is displaying a(n) ____ attachment style.
Insecure-avoidant
Maria knows that lying is wrong, but she lies anyway when telling her mom where she is going on Saturday night. Maria says it was okay to lie because she didn't want her mom to worry. Maria lessens her cognitive dissonance by ___.
Justifying a cognition (rationalizing it)
Frank shoplifted from a grocery store to steal formula for his infant son. He knows he did this because he was laid off from his job and doesn't want his baby to suffer. Here, Frank is providing an example of the ____ bias.
Self-serving
Many people believe that texting while driving is dangerous, yet they still do it any way. This is an example of ____.
Cognitive Dissonance