Questions 1
No longer receiving the unconditioned stimulus when presented with the conditioned stimulus would eventually result in
a. extinction
b. classical conditioning
b. positive reinforcement
c. acquisition
a. extinction
Positive reinforcement _____ the occurrence of the behavior, and negative reinforcement _____ the occurrence of the behavior
a. increases; decreases
b. increases; increases
c. have no effect on; decreases
d. increases; have no effect on
b. increases; increases
In most superhero movies, there is an evildoer who does bad behavior. The good guy punches the bad guy. Presumably, the evildoer will be less likely to engage in illegal activities going forward. This is an example of:
a. negative reinforcement
b. positive reinforcement
c. negative punishment
d. positive punishment
d. positive punishment
Once upon a time, an unnamed professor was kind of a jerk to his students. A group of his students decided together to unregister for his class the following semester. Because there were not enough students enrolled, the college had to cancel the class, effectively removing this professor's ability to teach his favorite class. Following this incident, the professor was less of a jerk to his students. This is an example of:
a. negative reinforcement
b. positive reinforcement
c. negative punishment
d. positive punishment
c. negative punishment
When the timer reaches zero, the microwave starts a very loud, annoying beep. You open the microwave door, and the beeping finally ends, removing the annoying noise. in the future, you will definitely open the microwave door as soon as the timer reaches zero.
a. negative reinforcement
b. positive reinforcement
c. negative punishment
d. positive punishment
a. negative reinforcement
Which of the partial schedules of reinforcement produces the highest rates of responding?
a. fixed ratio
b. fixed interval
c. variable interval
d. variable ratio
d. variable ratio
a. fixed ratio
b. fixed interval
c. variable ratio
d. variable interval
The first day of kindergarten, a would-be class clown attempts to cause a class disruption, and is immediately disciplined by his teacher. Not only does the class clown no try to disrupt class again, but his classmates also do not dare face the same discipline as the clown. The class is demonstrating
a. extinction
b. observational learning
c. the law of effect
d. classical conditioning
b. observational learning
Which of the following is the correct order of stages in Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
a. sensorimotor, preoperational, formal operational, concrete operational
b. sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational
c. preoperational, sensorimotor, formal operational, concrete operational
d. preoperational, sensorimotor, concrete operational, formal operational
b. sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational
What is meant by the term "egocentrism"?
a. a child is extremely arrogant and feels that he or she is better than others
b. a child is very selfish and refuses to share his or possessions with others
c. a child lacks the ability to consider perspectives other than his or her own
d. a child lacks the motivation to do things for him or herself and expects them to be done by others
c. a child lacks the ability to consider perspectives other than his or her own
In which stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development do people begin to think logically about abstract concepts?
a. the sensorimotor stage
b. the preoperational stage
c. the concrete operational stage
d. the formal operational stage
d. the formal operational stage
According to Piaget, egocentrism and a lack of conservation ability are both qualities that are dealt with in the _____ stage of developement
a. concrete operational
b. formal operational
c. sensorimotor
d. preoperational
d. preoperational
During the _____ stage of development, a child will not have developed object permanence.
a. concrete operational
b. preoperational
c. sensorimotor
d. formal operational
c. sensorimotor
In which stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development do children begin to reason, though thy still struggle with abstract and hypothetical questions?
a. formal operational stage
b. preoperational stage
c. concrete operational stage
d. sensorimotor stage
c. concrete operational stage
In Piaget's theory, the term _____ referred to concepts or frameworks around which we develop an understanding of how the world works
a. schemas
b. operations
c. centrations
d. centrisms
a. schemas