Basic Important Things to Know
What is personality?
Basically the totality of who we are; unique collection of attitudes and emotions and thoughts and habits and impulses that define how a person typically behaves; our pervasive pattern of interacting with the world AND with ourselves
The psychoanalytic perspective is...
Referred to psychodynamic perspective. Sigmond Freud, the one who developed this perspective, based this perspective on the unconscious
_________ are the major tenets/assumptions of psychoanalytic perspective
Powerful, but largely unconcious motivtions that have been with us since childhood; personality determined by conflict between conscious and unconscious forces
Julian Rotter is an important person when it comes to dealing with personalities? What did Rotter do?
Rotter adhered the Social Cognitive Perspective AND came up with the concept of Locus of Control
What is Locus of Control?
Our perceptions of how much control we have over our own lives
Perspective means...
Point of view; way of looking at something
The _________ perspective endures tendencies that causes us to behave certain ways
Trait
The Social Cognitive Perspective when our personalities are formed and how we perceive and interpret our environment. What is this for the perspective?
Major tenet/assuptions
Who adherd/discovered the Trait Perspective?
Costa and Mcrae (1992)
Internal locus of control means...
someone would perceive that events that happen to them are because of their own actions
Major _________/assumptions have to be true for their particular perspective
Tenets
This perspective talks about motivation, the tendency of human beings to strive toward self-actualization, and striving to be the best person we can be. What is this perspective called?
Humanistic Perspective
What are the major tenets/assumptions of the Humanistic Perspective?
The most important thing is subjective experience (how someone sees their own reality)
To have a healthy personality, the person must experience unconditional positive regard (unconditionally accepting the person for who they are)
Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow are the main people that dealt with...
The Humanistic Perspective
People with _________ tend to do better in life, but they also tend to suffer more from guilt
Internal locus of control
The three parts of the mind (aka psyche) are the Id, the ego, and the superego. What does each part do?
The Id has been with us since birth and is unconscious. It operates according to the pleasure principle ("I want what I want, and I want it now"). This has immediate gratification and is the first part
The superego is like the moral compass of what we think or society thinks is right. This operates according to the moral principle. It has delayed gratification and is the second part
The ego, the third part, operates according to the reality principle. This tries to find socially acceptable ways to satisfy the Id
What is the Social Cognitive perspective?
When our personalities are formed and how their affected by our surroundings
The Trait perspective's major tenets/assumptions are/is...
Personality traits are relatively stable across time
Personality traits are consistent in different situations
Individual differences are the result of differences in the degree and combination of the degrees of traits
The person who adherd/discovered the _________ is Sigmund Freud
Psychoanalytical Perspective
Examples of the external locus of control would be fate, luck, and some type of powerful person. What is the external locus of control more in depth?
It's when people perceive that events that happen to them are because of some outside force