Scientific Research
A testable prediction
What is a hypothesis?
A type of research that focuses on one person or just a few individuals
What is a case study?
The most basic experimental design involves these two groups
What are the experimental group and the control group?
This is an entity established to review research proposals that involve human participants
What is an institutional review board?
These are individuals who are subjects of psychological research
What are participants?
A type of reasoning when ideas are tested against the empirical world
What is deductive reasoning?
A type of research where scientists observe behavior in its natural context
What is naturalistic observation?
The name of the phenomenon when a researcher's expectations skew the results of a study
What is experimenter bias?
This refers to the ability of an experiment to produce a consistent result
What is reliability?
An overall group of individuals that researchers are interested in
What is a population?
This uses empirical observations to construct broad generalizations
What is inductive reasoning?
These are lists of questions to be answered by research participants
What are surveys?
This is what a researcher measures to see how much effect the independent variable had
What is the dependent variable?
Peer review ensures that research is described clearly enough to allow other scientists to _______the experiment
What is replicate?
A subset of individuals selected from the larger population
What is a sample
Scientists use inductive reasoning to formulate _______.
What are theories?
A research process where scientists study how people change over time
What is longitudinal research?
This process is used in an experimental design to ensure all of the participants have an equal chance of being assigned to an experimental group or a control group
What is random assignment?
Scientific journals publish these types of articles aimed at an audience of professionals and scholars
What are peer-reviewed journal articles?
The process of informing research participants what to expect during an experiment, including the risks and implications of the research
What is informed consent?
A scientific hypothesis is capable of being shown to be incorrect
What is falsifiable?
The type of research conducted when there is a relationship between two or more variables
What is correlational research?
A description of how we will measure variables in an experiment
What is an operational definition?
This is conducted to find out if there are meaningful differences between an experimental group and the control group
What is a statistical analysis?
When an experiment involves deception, this is used to advise participants of the complete and total truth about the experiment at its conclusion
What is debriefing?