Biology
Once a neuron has fired, it cannot fire again until after...
a. depolarization
b. the resting potential has passed
c. the refractory period
d. activation
c. the refractory period
Three year old Stan can't remember any events from a family cruise to Bermuda when he was 1 year old. This best illustrates...
a. stranger anxiety
b. an insecure attachment
c. infantile amnesia
d. egocentrism
c. infantile amnesia
Frequency is to pitch as amplitude is to
a. rhythm
b. loudness
c. olfaction
d. wavelength
b. loudness
A positive reinforcer is anything that when introduced after a response, ________ the response.
a. strengthens
b. weakens
c. does not effect
d. eliminates
a. strengthens
What is the name of Ms. Logan's dog?
a. Gojo
b. Ghost
c. Reggie
d. Ralph
c. Reggie
The junction between the axon tips of sending neurons and the dendrites or cell bodies of receiving neurons are called...
a. interneurons
b. synapses
c. neural networks
d. thresholds
b. synapses
What did Harry Harlow and Margaret Harlow find when they studied monkeys?
a. Attachment derives from an association with nourishment.
b. Attachment derives from an association with the smell of the mother.
c. Attachment derives from bodily contact.
d. Attachment derives from an association with the voice (sound) of the mother.
c. Attachment derives from bodily contact.
Which of the following determines the perceived brightness of colors?
a. hue
b. intensity
c. wavelength
d. amplitude
d. amplitude
Albert Bandera's experiments indicate that _______ is important in the process of learning.
a. latent learning
b. instinctive drift
c. modeling
d. a fixed interval reinforcement schedule
c. modeling
Genesis has learned the names of all the countries and their capitals in South America. This knowledge is referred to as
a. semantic memory
b. long-term potentiation
c. a flashbulb memory
d. memory consolidation
a. semantic memory
What is the correct communication path followed by neurons?
a. Dendrite to dendrite
b. Axon to axon
c. Dendrite to axon
d. Axon to dendrite
c. Dendrite to axon
According to Piaget, which concept refers to our ability to adapt our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information?
a. Assimilation
b. Accommodation
c. Schema
d. Object permanence
b. Accommodation
The process of _____transforms stimulus energies, such as sights, sounds, and smells, into neural impulses our brain can interpret.
a. perception
b. transduction
c. psychophysics
d. sensation
b. transduction
Coffee shops that reward customers with a free drink after 10 coffee purchases are using a _________ reinforcement schedule.
a. fixed-interval
b. variable-interval
c. fixed-ratio
d. variable-ratio
c. fixed-ratio
Three basic measures of memory retention are...
a. chunking, rehearsing, and semantic processing
b. encoding, storage, and retrieval
c. sensory memory, short term, and long term memory
d. recall, recognition, and relearning
b. encoding, storage, and retrieval
The chemical messengers that are passed from one neuron to another during an action potential are called...
a. dendrites
b. neurotransmitters
c. synapses
d. hormones
b. neurotransmitters
Which parenting style is characterized by parents being coercive by imposing rules and expecting obedience?
a. trusting
b. permissive
c. authoritative
d. authoritarian
d. authoritarian
When Andy turns his textbook around, the rectangular book casts an increasingly trapezoidal image on his retinas, yet he still perceives it as rectangular. What explains such perception?
a. Size constancy
b. Stimulus familiarity
c. Context effects
d. Shape constancy
d. Shape constancy
The tendency for distributed study to yield better long-term retention than massed study is known as...
a. the testing effect
b. deep processing
c. the spacing effect
d. chunking
c. the spacing effect
The human capacity for storing long-term memories is...
a. essentially limitless
b. roughly equal to seven units of information
c. typically, much greater in younger children than in adults
d. greatly reduced after people reach the age of 65
a. essentially limitless
Bryan, on his daily walk in the park, was frightened when a snake crossed his path. He fled as fast as he could to rest on a bench on the edge of the park. Which body system helped to calm Bryan?
a. Central nervous system
b. Sympathetic nervous system
c. Parasympathetic nervous system
d. Somatic nervous system
c. Parasympathetic nervous system
Jenna is an adolescent who has formed a close, loving relationship with Juno. What term did Erik Erikson use to describe this ability to form an emotionally close relationship?
a. Attachment
b. Intimacy
c. Social identity
d. Infatuation
b. Intimacy
Although Betsy was sitting right next to her boyfriend, she smelled a badger before he did. Apparently, Betsy has a lower _______ for badger odor than her boyfriend.
a. critical period
b. tolerance level
c. absolute threshold
d. sensory adaptation
c. absolute threshold
Terry gets caught sneaking out of the house at night past his curfew. His parents take away his car privileges for a month. Which principle of conditioning does this illustrate?
a. Positive punishment
b. Negative punishment
c. Positive reinforcement
d. Negative reinforcement
b. Negative punishment
An attorney uses misleading questions to distort a court witness' recall of a previously observed crime. This best illustrates...
a. anterograde amnesia
b. the misinformation effect
c. proactive interference
d. positive transfer
b. the misinformation effect