Terms
More terms
Hodgepodge
Design considerations
Pick a test
100
the variable that we measure
dependent variable
100
alpha level typical in psychology
.05
100
this hypothesis predicts no difference
null
100
design that involves determining the extent to which two or more variables are related to one another
correlation
correlational design
100
The only appropriate statistic when you have more than one independent variable
ANOVA (specifically factorial ANOVA)
200
what is captured in the numerator of all of our statistical tests
the effect of the IV, treatment effect, differences between groups
200
in a factorial design, the overall effect of one IV variable on the DV, ignoring the second IV
main effect
200
when another variable gets confused with the independent variable (bc it is correlated with it), hurting inferences of causality
confound
200
when people are assigned to one and only one level of the independent variable
between-subjects design
200
Compares a sample mean to a population mean
One-sample t
300
"finding" an effect where none exists
Type 1 error
300
what it means when you reject the null hypothesis
you conclude that there was a significant effect
300
the ability to see an effect when an effect exists
power
300
what the design is called when you have one independent variable
one way design
300
Compares means from two different samples to determine if they are different from one another
Independent samples t
400
when the effect of one variable depends on levels of the other
an interaction
400
the extent to which you are certain that the IV caused changes in the DV
internal validity
400
a critical element of experimental design that ensures that no outside variables influence your study as it is being conducted
experimental control
400
when participants complete all levels of the IV
within-subjects
repeated measures
400
Appropriate for a pre-test/post-test design.
Paired samples t-test
500
a technique to combat order effects in within subjects designs
counterbalancing
500
readers will think they should encourage study abroad (as an IV), but people who can study abroad are different than those who can't...self-selection confound, non-equivalence confound, quasi-experimental design...
500
a critical element of experimental design that ensures that individual differences are controlled
random assignment
500
design involves a comparison between pre-existing groups (like men and women)
quasi-experimental
500
Appropriate when you have more than two levels of an independent variable
ANOVA
600
a confound in which the IV is confused with another variable or event that occurred at the same time as the IV
history confound
600
failing to find an effect that exists in the world
Type 2 error
600
what the denominator of our statistical equations captures
ERROR
600
the confound associated with quasi-experimental designs
non-equivalence
self-selection