Anxiety and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
This disorder involves repetitive and persistent thoughts which are not pleasurable or voluntary and repetitive behaviors or mental acts the person feels driven to perform to reduce anxiety
What is OCD? (DSM page 238)
This disorder is mostly associated with sadness, but it also involves cognitive (negative thoughts/rumination), behavioral (crying/social withdrawal), and physiological (appetite and weight changes, sleep disturbance) symptoms.
What is major depressive disorder? (page 231)
This diagnosis might describe when a person has difficulty coping with or adjusting to a specific life stressor. Some common stressors include family problems, divorce, academic failure, or financial problems
What is adjustment disorder? (page 166)
One involves the feelings of emptiness and loss and preoccupation with thoughts and memories of the deceased. The other is a persistent depressed mood, an inability to anticipate happiness or pleasure, and pessimistic or self-critical ruminations.
What is grief/bereavement versus major depressive disorder? (DSM page 161)
Low levels of certain ______________, including serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine are associated with depression. This is the general name for chemicals that help transmit messages between neurons.
What are neurotransmitters? (page 239)
This disorder involves an inability to discard items regardless of their value. The inability is due to a perceived need for items and distress over the thought of giving or throwing item away. This can lead to clutter and unsafe living areas.
What is hoarding disorder? (page 154)
According to the sociocultural explanation of depression a person's cultural background may influence how depressive symptoms are described. In some cultures, depression is not expressed as sadness but as _____________
What are physical, somatic, or bodily complaints? (page 247)
Lala sees a therapist because she is reliving a traumatic experience. The onset of her problem occurred a month and a half ago, after she was brutally assaulted and robbed. She is having nightmares and flashbacks about the assault and lives on constant alert. She jumps at even the slightest noise and has been trying to avoid reminders of it. The therapist would most likely diagnose Lala with which disorder?
What is Posttraumatic Stress Disorder?
Bonus: What if symptoms are less than one month?
Both episodes can involve: grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, pressured speech, flight of ideas, distractibility, increased goal-directed behavior, or engagement in activities that have a high potential for painful consequences. However, one type occurs for fewer days and is not severe enough to require hospitalization or significantly impair activity. The other type occurs for longer and causes significant impairment.
What are hypomania and mania? (DSM page 124 and textbook page 232)
Associated with Dissociative Disorders, the localized type of this condition applies to events that happened in a specific period of time. The selective type refers to certain details of an event and the systematized type refers to certain categories of information.
What is amnesia? (pages 212-213)
True or false: A panic attack is mental disorder?
What is false? A panic attack can occur in the context of any anxiety disorder as well as other disorders (depressive disorders, PTSD, substance use disorders) and some medical conditions (DSM page 214)
True or false: Bipolar II is a "milder" form of bipolar I
What is false?
"Although you may have heard that bipolar II is a 'milder' form of bipolar disorder, this is not accurate. The depressive symptoms associated with bipolar disorder can be as debilitating as the mood extremes/mania seen in bipolar I." (page 258)
True or false: Stress (especially when it results in the excessive production of cortisol) decreases the immune system's efficiency and ability to combat infection
What is true? (page 187)
These two manic-depressive disorders are distinguished from one another by the presence of at least one past episode of mania
What are bipolar I and bipolar II? (DSM page 131)
This part of the brain plays a role in anxiety symptoms and fear. When in "fight or flight" mode, it sends out a signal preparing the body for action.
What is the amygdala? (pages 130 and 173)
This disorder involves recurrent and compulsive hair pulling despite repeated attempts to stop the behavior and is 10 times more likely to occur in women than men.
What is trichotillomania?
Seasonal depression typically involves low energy, social withdrawal, increased need for sleep, and carbohydrate craving. Many clinicians use the term seasonal affective disorder (SAD) to refer to this seasonal pattern. However, SAD is not an official DSM-5 diagnostic category. What is the "official" label used to describe this in the DSM-5?
What is major depressive disorder with seasonal pattern? (page 236)
These two words are very similar. One describes an "external event or situation that may place physical or psychological demands," on a person. The other describes an "internal psychological or physiological response" to something overwhelming.
What are stressor and stress? (page 165-166)
An abrupt surge of intense fear or discomfort that is recurrent unexpected versus marked, or intense fear or anxiety triggered by the real or anticipated exposure to a wide range of situations versus when the
What is agoraphobia versus panic disorder? (DSM 209 and 218)
Headaches are among the most common stress-related psychophysiological complaints. Our book lists three types of headaches.
What are migraine, tension, and cluster? (page 182)
Three things that distinguish "normal" anxiety from generalized anxiety disorder
What are:
1. Anxiety from GAD interferes with psychosocial functioning or causes significant distress or impairment in functioning, whereas everyday anxiety is more manageable
2. Anxiety with GAD has a longer duration and frequently occurs without trigger/precipitant
3. Everyday worries are less likely to be accompanied by physical symptoms (e.g., restlessness or on edge)
The essential feature of this disorder is the presence of a chronic, fluctuating mood disturbance involving numerous periods of hypomanic symptoms and periods of depressive symptoms, for at least 2 years
What is cyclothymia? (DSM page 140 & textbook page 258)
This therapy involves imaginary and real-life exposure to trauma-related cues, such as avoided thoughts, places, or people
What is prolonged exposure therapy? (page 177)
Faking illness for an external purpose or reward versus inducing or faking illness for no apparent incentive
What is malingering versus factitious disorder? (page 203)
Individuals with hypersensitive neurological systems appear to have a vulnerability to ____________ disorder that is triggered by events that activate or deactivate brain systems involved in regulating energy and motivation.
What is Bipolar? (page 260)