Motivation and Emotion
When we become aware that our brain has detected danger, we have experienced a(n)
a. conscious fear.
b. reappraisal.
c. spillover effect.
d. amygdala activation.
a. conscious fear.
Which of the following is NOT one of the three main types of stressors?
a. Catastrophes
b. Significant life changes
c. Daily hassles
d. Pessimism
d. Pessimism
Prejudice is a mixture of all the following EXCEPT
a. generalized beliefs
b. negative emotions
c. hindsight bias
d. predispositions to actions
c. hindsight bias
The MMPI is an example of a...
a. projective test
b. personality inventory
c. self-efficacy
d. self-esteem test
b. personality inventory
Children begin to demonstrate that they know how to put words in a sensible order during the ______ stage.
a. babbling
b. syntactic
c. two-word
d. universal grammer
c. two-word
Sally has high achievement motivation. Which of the following will NOT be expected of Sally?
a. financial success
b. poor mental health
c. healthy social relationships
d. good physical health
b. poor mental health
The number of short-term illnesses and stress-related psychological disorders was higher than usual in the months following an earthquake. Such findings suggest that
a. daily hassles have adverse health consequences
b. experiencing a very stressful event increases a person’s vulnerability to illness
c. the amount of stress a person feels is directly related to the number of stressors experienced
d. daily hassles don’t cause stress, but catastrophes can be toxic
b. experiencing a very stressful event increases a person’s vulnerability to illness
Adjusting our behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard is called
a. groupthink
b. mood contagion
c. social loafing
d. conformity
d. conformity
The test in which people are asked to make up stories about ambiguous pictures is the...
a. Rorschach inkblot test
b. Thematic Apperception test
c. Implicit Association test
d. Free Association test
b. Thematic Appreciation test
Guidelines for the diagnosis of an intellectual disability specify performance on an intelligence test of approximately
a. 100 or below
b. 90 or below
c. 80 or below
d. 70 or below
d. 70 or below
Ned who is extremely thirsty after a 5-mile run, drinks a large bottle of water. Ned's thirst is an example of
a. a drive
b. a need
c. homeostasis
d. an incentive
a. a drive
Which of the following factors does not predict self-reported happiness?
a. Age
b. Personality traits
c. Sleep and exercise
d. Active religious faith
a. Age
When we overestimate he extent to which members of other groups are alike, we are perceiving
a. discrimination
b. prejudice
c. outgroup homogeneity
d. conformity
c. outgroup homogeneity
The modern unconscious mind involves ________ that automatically control our perceptions and interpretations.
a. emotions
b. the id
c. schemas
d. our memories
c. schemas
Semantics refers to deriving meaning from...
a. words
b. sentences
c. sounds
d. signs
c. sounds
Which of the following is not a situational influence on eating?
a. serving size
b. taste preference
c. food variety
d. nutritional nudges
b. taste preference
Which one of the following is an effective strategy for reducing angry feelings?
a. Retaliate verbally or physically.
b. Wait or “simmer down.”
c. Express anger in action or fantasy.
d. Review the grievance silently.
b. Wait or "simmer down."
Jack begins to yawn while he and his roommate are studying for their final exam. Soon his roommate begins to yawn, too. This best illustrates
a. the chameleon effect.
b. social loafing.
c. social facilitation.
d. deindividuation
a. the chameleon effect
Who proposed the social-cognitive perspective?
a. Albert Bandura
b. Justin Kruger
c. David Dunning
d. Martin Seligman
a. Albert Bandura
The WAIS yields an overall intelligence score and seperates scores for all the following domains EXCEPT
a. scientific ability
b. verbal comprehension
c. perceptual reasoning
d. working memory
a. scientific ability
Although instinct cannot explain most human motives, he underlying assumption that genes predispose some species-typical behaviors continues in...
a. evolutionary psychology
b. the Yerkes-Dodson law
c. arousal theory
d. drive-reduction theory
a. evolutionary psychology
When faced with stress, women are more likely than men to show a ________ and ______ response.
a. fight / flight
b. flight / freeze
c. tend / befriend
d. tend / lend
c. tend / befriend
Social psychologists have observed people's willingness to pick up dropped coins or pencils in elevators in order to study the...
a. self-fulfilling prophecy
b. mere exposure effect
c. reciprocity norm
d. bystander effect
d. bystander effect
Sienna is anxious, insecure, and feels sorry for herself. She has a very difficult time handling stress and is highly emotional. Which of the Big Five traits does she illustrate?
a. agreeableness
b. oppenness
c. extraversion
d. neuroticism
d. neuroticism
According to Spearman's view, the relationship among the distinct abilities of intelligence is analogous to...
a. the ability to learn from experience and solve problems
b. advances in the prefrontal cortex
c. physical abilities that correlate with one another
d. native abilities
c. physical abilities that correlate with one another