Motivation
This theory suggests that organisms are motivated to maintain a stable internal state, like regulating body temperature.
This theory states that we experience emotion AFTER we become aware of our physiological responses (we see a bear, run, THEN feel fear).
What is the James-Lange theory?
The three stages of Hans Selyes General Adaptation theory in order.
Alarm
Resistance
Exhaustion
Power of a diagnosis and negatives/positives to labels include...
Positives: Access to resources, Validation, Communication, Self-understanding, Community/support, Accommodations.
Negatives: Stigma and Discrimination, Self-fulfilling beliefs of oneself, Labeling effects, Overgeneralization, Medicalization, Loss of agency, Misdiagnosis Risk.
Therapeutic alliance encompasses which three key components.
1. Authentic and genuine
2. Unconditional Positive regard
3. Empathetic Understanding
This theory of motivation distinguishes between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, emphasizing autonomy, competence, and relatedness.
What is Self-Determination Theory
This theory proposed that physiological arousal and emotional experience occur simultaneously, not sequentially.
What is the Cannon-Bard theory?
What are, Fight, Flight, Freeze, Fawn, & Flop
Cluster A personality disorders are classified as being Odd and eccentric behaviours.
Paranoid: "everyones out to get me"
Schizoid: "I don't need anyone"
Schizotypal: "I see patterns others done" (weird behaviours)
This concept involves
1. learning relaxation techniques
2. creating a fear hierarchy
3. gradual exposure when relaxed
4. moving up the hierarchy as possible
What is Systematic Desensitization?
This theory of love & motivation emphasizes intimacy, passion and commitment in a triangular approach. Recognizing that love is a motivational goal.
When processing fear, information travels through these two distinct pathways in the brain.
Low Road: Unconscious, fast, amygdala
High Road: Conscious, slow, sensory cortex
This field of study looks at the interactions of the immune system, nervous system and psychological processes.
Cluster B personality disorders are classified by dramatic, erratic and emotional behaviours.
Borderline: Intense/unstable relationships, fear of abandonment
Antisocial: breaks rules, no remorse
Narcissistic: grandiose, needs attention/admiration and lacks empathy
Histrionic: attention-seeking, dramatic, seductive
This therapy style focuses on looking at thoughts and cognitive distortions to challenge automatic thoughts. These thoughts can include
Goal: Replace negative automatic thoughts with more realistic, balanced thinking
What is Becks cognitive therapy?
What theory looks at push and pull factors? Push being internal (avoiding the undesired) and Pull being external (pursuing the positive).
This theory states that the event causes a arousal, and then needs a cognitive label for emotions. It must have the two factors of physiological arousal(alertness) and then cognitive label (interpretation).
These two main types of coping strategies involves either addressing the problem directly or managing emotional reactions.
Problem focused coping vs emotion focused coping
Cluster C personality disorders are classified by anxious and fearful behaviours
Avoidant: "I want connection but I am terrified of rejection"
Dependent: "I can't function without you"
Obsessive-Compulsive: "everything must be perfect +controlled"
This therapy type involves looking at the unconscious past to get insights and involves techniques such as free association.
What is Psychodynamic therapy?
There are cultural differences associated with motivation, what are they?
Individualist Cultures: Personal Drive (western world)
Collectivist Cultures: Group goals
Examples of the 6 culturally universal emotions? And what is a Emotional Dialect?
What is... Joy, Surprise, Anger, Sadness, Disgust, Fear
- Cross cultural differences in how common emotions are expressed - variations in expression
This model views stress through primary and secondary appraisal, what is this theory and what is primary and seconday.
Primary appraisal -> Evaluate potentially stressful events.
Secondary appraisal -> Evaluate coping resources and how to deal with the event.
Describe schizophrenia comprehensively, including: general characteristics, types of symptoms, genetic factors, the neurodevelopmental hypothesis, brain changes during adolescence, and how environment, social influences, and culture play a role in its development.
Frueds Psychoanalysis involves which 5 core ideas.
1. Free association -> Expression without censorship
2. Interpretation -> therapist interprets
3. Dream analysis -> dreams revealing unconscious thoughts
4. Transference -> Client projecting intene feelings on therapist
5. Countertransference -> Therapist projecting thoughts and feelings onto client *training to avoid this*