Social Psychology
Figure skater Nathan Chen is trying to land a quad axel, an extremely challenging skill for him. According to social facilitation theory, would having an audience watching help or harm him?
Harm
According to Freud, the _________ acts as our moral compass and makes sure we abide by societal rules.
Superego
People who are diagnosed with depression are also often diagnosed with anxiety disorder. This means depression and anxiety are _________.
Comorbid or co-occurring
This type of therapy focuses on changing client's irrational thoughts and maladaptive behaviors.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy
When looking at trends in mental health treatment, ________ use is increasing whereas ________ use is decreasing.
psychotherapy; medication
Using celebrity endorsements and evoking positive emotions are strategies that appeal to the __________ route of persuasion.
Peripheral
Emma is friendly, always willing to help her classmates, and tends to avoid confrontation when there's conflict. Which of the Big 5 personality traits would she score high on?
Agreeableness
Dr. Garcia believes that major depressive disorder is caused by an over-secretion of cortisol. His view on the cause of major depressive disorder emphasizes ________ factors.
Biological
Exposure therapy is particularly helpful for treating this kind of disorder.
Anxiety disorders or phobias
When people put less effort into a group project than they would in an individual project, this is known as:
Social loafing
Making internal attributions for your successes and making external attributions for your failures is an example of ________.
Self-serving bias
Personality describes traits and patterns about individuals that are ______ and ______. (What is the definition of personality?)
Stable, long-term (unique is also okay)
The 4D framework helps us classify behaviors as abnormal. What are the 4Ds?
Deviant, distressful, dysfunctional, dangerous
Name one factor that led to the deinstitutionalization of mental health care.
New antipsychotic drugs; growing push for patient integration; dwindling federal funding; public outcry against poor asylum conditions
According to Freud, ___________ is when a person remains "stuck" in an earlier psychosexual stage due to unresolved conflicts and develops specific characteristics as a result.
Fixation
What are the three components of attitudes?
Affect, behavior, cognition
Researchers found that people who scored high on measures of openness also tend to have lived in more places in their lifetime. This means this personality measure has good ________________.
Predictive validity
Laila has a compulsion to check her hair in the mirror at least 10 times everyday. This frequently makes her late to work, dates, etc, and has strained her relationships with her friends. Which of the 4Ds would describe this behavior?
Dysfunctional (impairs daily routines)
Clay is in a therapy session. The therapist asks him to relax and say whatever comes to his mind at the moment. This therapist is using ________, which is a technique of ________.
free association; psychoanalysis
What are the three steps in the ABC model of cognitive-behavioral therapy?
Activating event (or action)
Beliefs about the event
Consequences of this belief
Moss & Racusin (2012) found that STEM faculty rated female job applicants as more _________ than male applicants, but rated male applicants as more ________. (Just one measure for each _____ is fine).
likable (personable, well-fitting); competent, hireable, mentor-able, higher salary
Despite its critiques, Freud's theory of personality still offered several contributions. Describe one.
Importance of childhood experiences; influence of unconscious processes; personality develops in stages
What is the main difference between Bipolar I and Bipolar II disorder?
Bipolar I: full manic episodes, depression is optional criteria
Bipolar II: mild manic episodes and more depressive episodes
Name one major difference between psychodynamic vs humanistic therapy.
Psychodynamic focuses on past experiences, unconscious thoughts, conflict-focused
Humanistic focuses on present and future experiences, conscious thoughts, growth-oriented
Thinking about the three components of attitudes... prejudice is to ______ as discrimination is to ________.
affect (emotions/feelings); behaviors