Lifespan Psychology and Developmental Theories/Genetic, Prenatal, and Perinatal Health
These are the three stages of prenatal development in order.
germinal, embryonic, and fetal
fetal, embryonic, and germinal
embryonic, fetal, and germinal
What are germinal, embryonic, and fetal?
This psychologist proposed that children progress through a series of stages of cognitive development.
Jean Piaget
Albert Bandura
B.F. Skinner
Who is Jean Piaget?
In the first stage of Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory of development, it is believed to be important for children to establish the ability to do this.
comfort themselves
do things on their own
trust in their caregivers
What is trust in their caregivers?
This is considered the greatest health risk for preschool-aged children.
infectious disease
malnutrition
accidents and injuries
What are accidents and injuries?
Erik Erikson's third psychosocial stage is called this.
trust vs mistrust
autonomy vs shame/doubt
initiative vs guilt
What is initiative vs guilt?
Developmental psychologists often refer to social, personality, and emotional topics as this kind of development.
biological
cognitive
psychosocial
What is psychosocial development?
The visual cliff experiment is used to test this in infants.
fine motor skills
object permanence
depth perception
What is depth perception?
A child who becomes upset when a caregiver leaves but is quickly comforted upon their return is most likely demonstrating this.
secure attachment
disorganized attachment
avoidant attachment
What is secure attachment?
This is a reason why sleep is important in early childhood.
it only influences mood
it reduces the need for physical activity
it supports healthy growth and overall physical health
What is it supports healthy growth and overall physical health?
According to gender schema theory, children generally understand the stability of their gender identity during this period.
infancy
middle childhood
early childhood
What is early childhood?
The idea development is primarily influenced by genetics and environmental experiences is known as this.
continuity and discontinuity
nature and nurture
critical and sensitive period
What is nature and nurture?
This developmental milestone typically occurs first.
walking independently
sitting without support
jumping
What is sitting without support?
The mirror test shows us this is missing in most one-year-old children.
self-recognition
socialization
secondary emotions
What is self-recognition?
This is a reason why play is considered important during early childhood.
it provides an opportunity for cognitive, social, and emotional growth
it only supports physical development
it has little impact on development
What is it provides an opportunity for cognitive, social, and emotional growth?
This parenting style is characterized by high warmth and high structure.
Authoritarian
Permissive
Authoritative
What is authoritative?
An environmental agent that can cause harm to a developing embryo or fetus is called this.
a teratogen
a protein
a calcium
What is a teratogen?
This brain structure is most responsible for regulating emotions and decision-making.
prefrontal cortex
temporal lobe
brain stem
What is the prefrontal cortex?
This is considered a primary emotion.
shame
guilt
fear
What is fear?
Billy's father is having a birthday soon. When asked what gift to get his father, Billy replies, "A dump truck" because Billy loves trucks. Billy's answer demonstrates this.
animism
egocentrism
operations
What is egocentrism?
A 4-year-old described themselves by saying, "I am 4-years-old and I like dinosaurs", is demonstrating this.
moral reasoning
social referencing
self concept
What is self concept?
According to Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, cognitive development is strongly influenced by this.
genetic inheritance alone
social interactions and cultural experiences
reinforcement and punishment
What are social interactions and cultural experiences?
Scaffolding is best demonstrated when caregivers do this.
assist children and then allow them to take the lead
match their child's energy level and enthusiasm
give their children what they need to be happy
What is assist children and then allow them to take the lead?
The idea that Finley is able to calm himself down by sucking his thumb when he gets scared is called this.
attentional distraction
emotion regulation
dyadic regulation
What is emotion regulation?
A child demonstrating animism may believe that sun does this.
can be seen by everyone right now
revolves around the earth
goes to sleep at night
What is goes to sleep at night?
Prosocial aggression occurs when a child does this?
defends or helps others
is attacked by others
responds to a situation that is already happening
What is defends or helps others?