Week 0-2
What feature differentiates experimental and quasi-experimental designs?
Random Assignment
Core-knowledge theories argue that ______ play(s) a role in cognitive development.
(A) Cultural tools
(B) Evolution
(C) Internalization
(D) Memory strategies
(B) Evolution
Which level of Bronfenbrenner’s model contains mass media?
Exosystem
The family systems approach emphasizes the ________ influence family members have on each other.
(A) Negative
(B) Positive
(C) Reciprocal
(D) Extreme
(C) Reciprocal
Which of the following statements is true about androgens?
(A) They can exert organizing, but not activating influences
(B) They influence prenatal development
(C) They are only produced by individuals with a Y chromosome
(D) They always lead to aggressive behavior
(B) They influence prenatal development
Araceli is an infant. When she hears a voice, she is more likely to look at a face and when she hears a metallic noise, she’s more likely to look at cymbals. Araceli is showing:
Intermodal Perception
The sounds of phonemes vary ________, but we perceive them ________.
(A) Innately; empirically
(B) Internally; externally
(C) Quantitatively; categorically
(D) Iteratively; statically
(C) Quantitatively; categorically
Which of the following is not a type of ability described in Sternberg’s theory of successful intelligence?
(A) Analytical abilities
(B) Practical abilities
(C) Fluid abilities
(D) Creative abilities
(C) Fluid abilities
Which of the parenting styles seems to be associated with the best outcomes for children in western cultures?
Authoritative
A 4-year-old child understands that they are a girl and believes they will grow up to be a woman. However, when they see a man put on a long wig and a dress, they become confused and insist that the man has now actually "become a lady." According to Kohlberg’s Cognitive Developmental Theory, which stage has this child reached?
A) Gender Identity
B) Gender Stability
C) Gender Constancy
D) Gender Schema Filter
(B) Gender stability
Kim observes that UCLA students who sleep less tend to feel more anxious. Which of the following is a possible correlation coefficient to describe the relationship between sleep and anxiety?
(A) 1.5
(B) -1.5
(C) .6
(D) -.2
(D) - 0.2
Janet Werker’s research illustrates that English-speaking children stop distinguishing between non-English phonemes at:
(A) 3 months
(B) 6 months
(C) 12 months
(D) 24 months
(C) 12 months
Which of the following groups of theories place the most emphasis on the importance of children’s knowledge and beliefs (“active child”)?
(A) Ecological theories
(B) Learning theories
(C) Psychoanalytic theories
(D) Social cognition theories
(D) Social cognition theories
When you return home after work, your child rushes towards you with intense emotion, seeking closeness. However, as you try to engage with them, they become increasingly difficult to comfort and eventually dismisses you. Which attachment style is your child exhibiting?
Insecure/Resistant
Of these options, there is the least evidence that _____ is directly linked to gender effects on human behavior?
(A) Child’s genotype
(B) Child’s phenotype
(C) Child’s environment
(D) Parent’s phenotype
(A) Child’s genotype
What is the correct order of the stages of prenatal development from earliest to latest?
(A) Cell migration, cell differentiation, cell division, cell death
(B) Cell division, cell death, cell migration, cell differentiation
(C) Cell division, cell migration, cell differentiation, cell death
(D) Cell migration, cell division, cell differentiation, cell death
(C) Cell division, cell migration, cell differentiation, cell death
Eloise says “there is one mouse, there are two mouses”? This is an example of:
Overregularization
________ theorize that humans experience and express a set of basic emotions due to evolved neurological systems.
(A) Discrete emotions theory
(B) Functionalist theory
(C) Empiricism
(D) Ethology
(A) Discrete emotions theory
In Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Judgment, which level of moral reasoning is characterized by a focus on self-centered perspectives, where individuals make moral decisions based on seeking rewards and avoiding punishment?
(A) Preconventional stage
(B) Conventional stage
(C) Postconventional stage
(D) Autonomous stage
(A) Preconventional stage
According to Kohlberg’s cognitive developmental theory of gender, gender constancy is:
(A) Categorizing oneself as a boy or girl
(B) Realizing that gender is invariant over time
(C) Realizing that gender is invariant across situations
(D) Realizing that gender is invariant across culture
(C) Realizing that gender is invariant across situations
Which structure in neurons impacts the speed with which neural signals are sent along the axon?
Myelin sheath
The __________ stage is characterized by a growing ability to think on a symbolic level while still struggling with cognitive operations like conservation.
Preoperational
Andre becomes discouraged after doing poorly on a math test because he believes that it means he is not smart and cannot learn the skills needed to perform well in algebra. Andre may possess a(n) _______ theory of intelligence.
(A) Incremental
(B) Entity
(C) Achievement motivation
(D) Learning goal
(B) Entity
Which of the following is true regarding the stability of sociometric status?
(A) Over short time periods, children who are neglected or rejected tend to change their status
(B) Over short time periods, children who are popular or rejected tend to remain so
(C) Over time, sociometric stability for popular children is generally higher than for rejected, neglected, or controversial children
(D) Over time, sociometric stability for controversial children is generally higher than for rejected, neglected, or popular children
(B) Over short time periods, children who are popular or rejected tend to remain so
______ aggression refers to acts for which the goal is to harm or injure a victim; ______ aggression refers to acts for which the goal is to gain access to objects, spaces, or privileges
(A) Hostile; proactive
(B) Reactive; instrumental
(C) Hostile; instrumental
(D) Reactive; proactive
(C) Hostile; instrumental