Depression
A neurotransmitter thought to play a role in depression is...
Serotonin
The modern use of the term stress is usually attributed to...
Hans Selye
Fisher et al. propose a ... approach to understanding the role of the SNS in depression
Dynamic, systems-based
With regards to personality change, people tend to show a ... trajectory over time.
Maturation
Anhedonia, a central symptom of depression, refers to...
A lack of pleasure.
The hormones involved in the sympathetic stress response are...
Catecholamines (adrenaline/epinephrine and noradrenaline/norepinephrine)
Findings about SNS arousal in depression have been...
Equivocal (mixed)
Leger et al. (2021) found that ... mediated the relationship between personality traits and physical health outcomes.
Negative affect reactivity
A person only experiencing feelings of depression during winter might suffer from...
Seasonal affective disorder
Under stressful conditions, ... immune responses increase.
Innate
Studies about the role of physiological stress in depression have mostly focused on...
The HPA axis and the PNS
According to Panksepp's framework, emotions are...
Natural kinds
Some of the strongest evidence regarding the depression-illness relationship comes from studies of this type of disease
Cardiovascular disease
Peak HPA axis effects usually occur about ... after exposure to a stressor.
20 minutes
Fisher et al. propose a positive feedback loop between ... in depression.
Perceptions, appraisals and arousal
In Shields et al.'s (2020) meta-analysis ... was the intervention type most consistently associated with enhanced immune system functioning.
CBT (cognitive-behavioral therapy)
The cytokine hypothesis of depression posits that ... might be a causal factor involved in depression.
Systemic inflammation
As part of the physiological stress response, the pituitary releases...
ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)
A methodological challenge regarding the approach proposed by Fisher et al. is related to...
The different timing of HPA axis, PNS and SNS effects
Pressman et al. (2013) found that in countries around the world, ... were stronger predictors of self-reported health than the fulfilment of basic needs.
Emotions